Thermal Laboratory
Established in 1986, the Thermal Analysis Laboratory at Western Kentucky University
has had a few homes—it was originally located on the main campus, but then moved to
the South Campus after outgrowing the original lab. By August 2006, the lab had once
again outgrown its current space and was relocated to a new facility within Western
Kentucky University's Center for Research and Development that had been designed during
the remodel to be a thermal analysis laboratory. The new Thermal Analysis Laboratory
is more spacious (around 1700 square feet) and offers one of the most well-equipped
thermal analysis laboratories in the United States. As a result of this, the Thermal
Lab has developed into an internationally recognized facility. This facility is used
for numerous purposes, including as an instructional lab for physical and materials
chemistry courses, a research center for graduate students, and has provided analytical
services to over 300 companies, universities, and agencies in 30 different states.
The lab has tested and provided analytical results for a wide range of materials,
from meat to explosives, but the majority of the work has been on polymers and coatings.
Revenue brought into the laboratory by this service work is used for students' salaries
and maintenance expenses for the equipment. The Thermal Lab has provided part-time
employment to thirty undergraduate students and forty-five M.S. and Ph.D. students.
The transition from an academic laboratory setting to an industrial research setting
can be difficult. A large number of students enter industry after obtaining degrees
and working in the lab, and the project-based curricula of the lab involving partnerships
with universities and industry eases the transition and increases the probability
of our young professionals' success. By partnering with local industries, we are able
to participate in challenging research projects that are associated with cutting edge
technology. Likewise, through partnerships, industries gain fresh ideas while educating
a new employee pool. The mission of the Thermal Analysis Laboratory at Western Kentucky
University is to work alongside governmental, industrial research and production laboratories.
Cooperation with governmental organizations has included collaborations with the United
States Air Force Research Laboratory, the United States Navy—Naval Undersea Warfare
Center, and NASA. The research with the United States Air Force involved the determination
of the thermal stability of organically modified layered silicates (OLS) and also
a mapping of the thermal decomposition kinetics of these materials. The Thermal Lab
used evolved gas analysis to identify combustion products of materials that were to
be used on submarines to determine what potential hazards these materials may pose.
The work with NASA focused on the modification of single-wall carbon nanotubes to
enhance dispersion and degradation studies of the modified nanotubes.
In addition to thermal analysis, the lab also performs surface characterization, chemical
analysis and bio-fuel characterization. The surface characterization techniques include
X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with
energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The chemical analysis includes elemental analysis,
bomb calorimetry, and pyroprobe-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The bio-fuel
characterization includes: thermal stability, oxidation resistance, low temperature
properties, elemental analysis, glycerin content and compositional analysis.
Over the past 27 years, the thermal analysis group has presented over 80 papers at
the North American Thermal Analysis Society (NATAS) annual conferences. The Thermal
Lab organizes a thermal analysis short course every year focused on TGA and DSC. The
Thermal Lab has organized other thermal analysis symposia, including the 2nd International
Symposium on Micro-Thermal Analysis at WKU. The Symposium featured talks by invited
speakers, poster presentations by WKU students, and attracted participants from all
around the world.
Instrumentation:
Thermogravimetric Analysis
High-Resolution/Modulated Thermogravimetric Analysis
High-Pressure Thermogravimetric Analysis
Sorption Analysis
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry
High-Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Simultaneous Differential Scanning Calorimetry-Thermogravimetric Analysis
Evolved Gas Analysis (TG-FTIR, TG-MS, and TG-FTIR-MS)
Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Pyroprobe-GC/MS System
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
Thermomechanical Analysis
Dielectric Analysis
Micro-Thermal Analysis
Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
Optical Microscopy
X-Ray Diffraction
Capabilities:
Formulation and optimization
Materials selection
Contaminant identification
Application development
End-use performance prediction
Competitive product evaluation
Vendor certification
Incoming/outgoing materials consistency
Process optimization
Finished product performance
Troubleshooting
Selected Publications:
Behl, M.; Yeom, J.; Lineberry, Q.; Jain, P. K.; Shannon, M. A. A regenerable oxide-based H2S adsorbent with nanofibrous morphology. Nature Nanotech. 2012, 7(12), 810-815.
Zhao, H.-Y.; Cao, Y.; Sit, S. P.; Lineberry, Q.; Pan, W.-P. Thermal Characteristics of Bitumen Pyrolysis. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2012, 107(2), 541-547.
Zhao, H.-Y.; Cao, Y.; Lineberry, Q.; Pan, W.-P. Evaluation of CO2 adsorption capacity
of solid sorbents. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2011, 106(1), 199-205.
Ghose, S.; Watson, K. A.; Cano, R. J.; Britton, S. M.; Jensen, B. J.; Connell, J.
W.; Herring, H. M.; Lineberry, Q. J. High temperature VARTM of phenylethynyl terminated
imides. High Perform. Polym. 2009, 21(5), 653-672.
Lineberry, Q.; Cao, Y.; Lin, Y.; Ghose, S.; Connell, J. W.; Pan, W.-P. Mercury Capture from Flue Gas Using Palladium Nanoparticle-Decorated Substrates as Injected Sorbent. Energy Fuels. 2009, 23 (3), 1512-1517.
Latta, G.; Lineberry, Q.; Ozao, R.; Zhao, H.-Y.; Pan, W.-P. Thermal properties of ethylene octene copolymer (Engage)/dimethyldioctadecyl quaternary ammonium chloride-modified montmorillonite clay nanocomposites. J. Mater. Sci. 2008, 43(8), 2555-2561.
Lineberry, Q.; Buthelezi, T.; Pan, W.-P. Characterization of Modified Carbon Nanotubes by TG-MS and Pyrolysis-GC/MS. JAI. 2006, 3(9).
Whitely, N.; Ozao, R.; Artiaga, R.; Cao, Y.; Pan, W.-P. Multi-utilization of Chicken Litter as Biomass Source – Part I. Combustion. Energy Fuels, 2006, 20, 2660-2665.
Whitely, N.; Ozao, R.; Cao, Y.; Pan, W.-P. Multi-utlization of Chicken Litter as Biomass Source – Part II. Pyrolysis. Energy Fuels, 2006, 20, 2666-2671.
Xie, W.; Xie, R.; Pan, W.-P.; Hunter, D.; Koene, B.; Tan, L.-S.; Vaia, R. Thermal Stability of Quaternary Phosphonium Modified Montmorillonites. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14(11) 4837-4845. (203 citations)
Xie, W.; Gao, Z.; Pan, W.-P.; Hunter, D.; Vaia, R. Thermal Degradation Chemistry of Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Montmorillonite. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13(9) 2979-2990. (586 citations)
