Adam, Adolphe (Charles) (1803-56) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Early French Romantic (bel canto)
Best Known For:  ballets---comic operas
Notable Works:  . . . Giselle [ballet] (1841) . . . Cantique de Nöel [O Holy Night] [carol] (1847) 
Musical Influences:  Auber; BOIELDIEU; Reicha; Rossini
Has Influenced:  DELIBES; Massenet?
Most Similar Composers:  Thomas .63; Halévy .63; Auber .59; Meyerbeer .54; Flotow .43; Donizetti .39; Gounod .36; Delibes .34; Offenbach .33; G Charpentier .33; Spontini .31; Massenet .28; Boieldieu .28; Widor .28; Mercadante .25    (10)

Adams, John (Coolidge) (1947-) American; San Francisco area-based from 1971
Style/Period:  Minimalist
Genre Profile:  112---1210---1111---200---02---02x
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known For:  orchestral pcs---operas
Notable Works:  . . . Shaker Loops [string orch. arr.] (1983) . . . Nixon in China [opera] (1984-87), incl. 'The Chairman Dances' [orch.] . . . Short Ride in a Fast Machine [fanfare for orch.] (1986) . . . The Death of Klinghoffer [opera] (1991) . . . Chamber Sym. [for 15 instrs.] (1992) . . . Violin Conc. (1993)  
Musical Influences:   ---Beethoven; Cage; --Debussy?; [D Ellington]; Glass; Harrison; Ives; ---Mozart; Nancarrow; -Ravel; REICH; Riley; Schoenberg; Stravinsky; jazz
Most Similar Composers:  Glass .42; Andriessen .39; Copland .32; Kraft .30; Chávez .30; Nyman .29; Bliss .29; Rochberg .28; Hindemith .28; Walker .27; Zwilich .26; Dutilleux .26; Reich .26; Barber .25; Lutoslawski .25    (6)

Adler, Samuel (Hans) (1928-) German-American; U.S.-based from 1939
Style/Period:  "embraces a wide variety of contemporary styles"
Best Known For:  music on Jewish themes & for the Hebrew liturgy---orchestral pcs---vocal- & choral/choral-orchestral music
Musical Influences:   Bernstein?; Copland; Hindemith; Piston; Stravinsky?; Thompson?; chant & liturgical music
Most Similar Composers:  Tavener .41; Bernstein .41; Fine .38; Dello Joio .32; Pinkham .32; Walker .31; Finney .25; Tippett .24; Leighton .24; Foss .24; Penderecki .23; Creston .23; Hildegard .23; Walton .22; Husa .22    (9)

Alain, Jehan (Ariste) (1911-40) French; Paris-based from 1927
Style/Period:  Mystical
Best Known For:  solo organ
Notable Works:  . . . Litanies [org] Op.79 (1937) . . . Variations sur un Thème de Clément Janequin [org] (1937) 
Musical Influences:  Debussy; Dukas; Dupré; Messiaen; Satie; Stravinsky?; Tournemire; Asian music; plainchant
Most Similar Composers:  Langlais .54; Messiaen .39; Jolivet .38; Duruflé .35; Koechlin .34; Xenakis .31; Montsalvatge .30; Scelsi .30; Glass .30; Rautavaara .29; Tournemire .29; Jongen .29; Tavener .28; Dupré .28; Varèse .28    (12)

87. Albéniz, Isaac (1860-1909) Spanish (Catalan)
Style/Period:  Spanish Nationalist
Genre Profile:  012---2000---0000---300---02---010
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  solo piano (& later arrs. thereof for guitar)
Notable Works:  . . . Suite Española #1 [pf] Op.47 (1886) . . . España [pf suite] Op.165 (1890) . . . Cantos de España [pf] Op.232 (p1896) . . . Iberia [4 books of 12 works for pf] (1906-8; orch. arr. by E. Arbós, 1906-8)
Musical Influences:  -Chopin; +Debussy; +Dukas; Fauré; Indy; LISZT; [F PEDRELL]; +Ravel; Sarasate; ---D Scarlatti; --Schubert?; Wagner; Spanish/Andalusian folk & guitar music and zarzuela
Has Influenced:  Debussy; Falla; Granados?; Messiaen?; Moreno Torróba; Ravel; Rodrigo; Turina
Most Similar Composers:  Granados .51; Turina .41; Ponce .39; Mompou .39; Rodrigo .38; Lyadov .37; Canteloube .35; Duparc .33; Scriabin .33; Falla .31; Paderewski .30; Tárrega .29; Gerhard .29; Moreno Torróba .28; Guarnieri .28    (15)

Albinoni, Tomaso (1671-1751) Italian; Venice-based
Style/Period:  Late Italian Baroque
Genre Profile:  011---0232---2222---001---02---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  concs.---operas---trio sonatas
Notable Works:  . . . 12 Concerti a Cinque [1 or 2 oboes & strings] Op.7 (1715) . . . 12 Concerti a Cinque [1 or 2 oboes (or vln) & strings] Op.9 (1722) . . . Adagio in G Minor [arr. of spurious fragment for org & string orch.] (arr. late 1940s) 
Musical Influences:  Corelli; Torelli; +Vivaldi
Has Influenced:  JS Bach; Handel?; Leclair; Quantz; Vivaldi; Zelenka?
Most Similar Composers:  Locatelli .49; Torelli .48; Vivaldi .47; Stradella .44; Legrenzi .41; Geminiani .36; Telemann .35; Pergolesi .34; Tartini .34; Handel .33; Bononcini .31; Cavalli .29; Marcello .27; Corelli .27; Lotti .25    (18)

Alfvén, Hugo (1872-1960) Swedish
Style/Period:  Late Romantic
Best Known For:  programmatic orchestral pcs---vocal & choral music---syms.
Notable Work:  . . . Swedish Rhapsody #1 'Midsummer Vigil' [orch.] Op.19 (1903) 
Musical Influences:  -Berwald?; Brahms; Dvorák; Grieg; -Mendelssohn?; R Strauss; Svendsen; Wagner; Swedish folksong
Most Similar Composers:  Stenhammar .46; Novák .46; Chadwick .44; Fibich .36; Coleridge-Taylor .36; Nielsen .36; Foote .35; Stanford .34; Svendsen .33; Parry .32; Sinding .32; Elgar .32; Delius .31; Szymanowski .31; Zemlinsky .30    (9)

Alkan, (Charles-)Valentin (1813-88) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Middle French Romantic
Best Known For:  solo piano & solo organ
Notable Work:  . . . 12 Etudes dans les Tons Mineurs [pf] Op.39 (p1857) 
Musical Influences:  --JS Bach; Beethoven; Berlioz; Cherubini?; CHOPIN; --Handel; Hummel; Liszt; Mendelssohn; Paganini?; --D Scarlatti?; Weber?
Has Influenced:  Debussy
Most Similar Composers:  Guilmant .55; Chopin .46; Widor .43; Liszt .42; Czerny .41; Raff .37; Berwald .37; Franck .37; Wagner .36; Gade .35; Gottschalk .34; Vieuxtemps .34; Saint-Saëns .33; R Schumann .33; Mendelssohn .32    (17)

Allegri, Gregorio (c1582-1652) Italian; Rome-based
Style/Period:  Early Italian Baroque (stile antico)
Best Known Work:  . . . Il salmo Miserere mei Deus [psalm setting for 9 vv] (c1640) 
Musical Influences:  [G Nanino]; PALESTRINA; plainchant
Has Influenced:  +++Liszt; ++Zelenka?
Most Similar Composers:  Carissimi .50; Legrenzi .40; A Scarlatti .39; Caccini .33; Monteverdi .31; Marenzio .30; Cavalli .28; D Scarlatti .28; Marcello .27; Corelli .27; Lotti .25; Schütz .25; Caldara .24; Victoria .24; Pérotin .23    (13)

Alwyn, William (1905-85) British; mainly London-based c1920-60
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Best Known For:  syms.---concs.---film scores
Musical Influences:  Berg; Debussy; Delius; Elgar; Holst; Janácek; -Liszt; Prokofiev?; Puccini; Rachmaninov; Ravel; Sibelius; Stravinsky?; Vaughan Williams; -Wagner; Walton; Czech music
Most Similar Composers:  Bax .44; Howells .39; Bliss .36; Diamond .36; Moeran .36; Walton .35; Tubin .31; Rubbra .30; Bennett .30; Creston .30; Arnold .29; Dutilleux .28; Leighton .28; Barber .27; Kokkonen .27    (12)

Amram, David (1930-) American
Best Known For:  music for stage & film---orchestral pcs---music on Jewish themes
Musical Influences:  [C Parker]; blues; JAZZ; folk music; Latin American music; Native American music; world music
Most Similar Composers:  Gershwin .39; Blitzstein .29; Sowerby .27; Eisler .25; Bennett .22; Lara .21; Moore .20; Auric .18; Nancarrow .18; Walker .17; Thomson .17; Partch .17; Bernstein .17; Riley .16; Moreno Torróba .16    (5)

Anderson, Leroy (1908-75) American; Woodbury CT-based from 1948
Style/Period:  American Light Classical
Best Known For:  light orchestral pcs
Notable Works:  . . . The Syncopated Clock [orch.] (1945) . . . Fiddle-Faddle [string orch.] (1947) . . . Sleigh Ride [orch.] (1950) . . . Blue Tango [orch.] (1952) 
Musical Influences:  Copland?; GERSHWIN; Piston?; folk music
Most Similar Composers:  Finney .33; Grofé .22; Adler .21; Gould .21; Walker .20; Bernstein .19; Pinkham .16; Billings .15; Hovhaness .14; Herbert .14; Jos Strauss .13; Torelli .13; Kreisler .13; Carter .13; Lara .12    (3)

Andriessen, Louis (1939-2021) Dutch; mainly Amsterdam-based
Style/Period:  combines Neoclassical outlook with Minimalism & European Avant-garde
Best Known For:  unusual instrumental settings---dissonant pcs
Musical Influences:  ---CPE Bach; ---JS Bach; Berio; Cage; [Miles Davis]?; Feldman; Glass; Messiaen?; -Ravel; Reich; Riley; Stockhausen; STRAVINSKY; jazz
Most Similar Composers:  Adams .39; Ligeti .32; Reich .31; Tan .30; Kraft .28; Nyman .28; Nancarrow .27; Foss .27; Walker .26; Creston .26; Birtwistle .26; Lutoslawski .25; Brouwer .25; Bolcom .25; Boulez .25    (8)

Arensky, Anton (1861-1906) Russian; mainly St. Petersburg- & Moscow-based after 1879
Style/Period:  Late Russian Romantic
Best Known For:  chamber music---orchestral pcs---concs.---syms.
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Trio #1 in D minor Op.32 (1894) . . . Variations on a Theme of Tchaikovsky in E minor [strings] Op.35a (1894)
Musical Influences:  -Chopin; Liszt; -Mendelssohn; Rimsky-Korsakov; -R Schumann; Taneyev; TCHAIKOVSKY
Has Influenced:  Glière; Rachmaninov; Scriabin
Most Similar Composers:  Glazunov .52; Rubinstein .46; Scriabin .44; Borodin .41; Raff .40; Rachmaninov .38; Tchaikovsky .38; Taneyev .38; Gade .38; Ippolitov-Ivanov .36; Foote .35; Lyadov .35; Miaskovsky .33; Medtner .32; Glière .31    (12)

Argento, Dominick (1927-2019) American; mainly Minnesota- & Florence-based
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Best Known For:  operas---song cycles---choral music
Musical Influences:  Britten; Dallapiccola; Gershwin; Hanson?; Hovhaness?; ---Mozart; --Mussorgsky?; Stravinsky; --Verdi
Has Influenced:  Larsen
Most Similar Composers:  Pizzetti .39; Menotti .35; Corigliano .32; Harbison .27; Weill .27; Berkeley .26; Rautavaara .25; Rochberg .24; Barber .23; Dallapiccola .23; Puccini .23; Dello Joio .22; Prokofiev .22; Maderna .21; Mascagni .21    (5)

Arne, Thomas (1710-78) British; London-based
Style/Period:  Pre-Classical
Best Known For:  operas & other stage works---songs---incidental music
Notable Work:  . . . Rule Britannia [song for chorus & orch. from the masque Alfred] (1740) 
Musical Influences:  +JC Bach; Geminiani; Handel; D Scarlatti; English folksong; French & Italian music
Most Similar Composers:  Boyce .39; Campion .26; Gluck .24; Galuppi .23; Blow .23; Clementi .22; Purcell .22; Caccini .21; Hasse .19; Soler .19; Bononcini .19; Rameau .18; Paganini .18; Heinichen .18; Geminiani .17    (7)

Arnold, Malcolm (1921-2006) British
Style/Period:  Neoromantic (English Vernacularist)
Genre Profile:  222---1122---2222---102---21---110
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  film scores---syms.---concs.---chamber music, espec. sonatas---winds (chamber combs., w/orch.)
Notable Works:  . . . 4 English Dances (2 sets) [orch.] Opp. 27/33 (1950/1951) . . . Sonatina for Clarinet & Piano Op.29 (1951) . . . Conc. for Guitar & Chamber Orch. Op.67 (1959) . . . Brass Quintet Op.73 (1960) . . . Conc. for Clarinet & Orch. Op.115 (1974) 
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Bax; --BERLIOZ; Elgar?; Lambert; Mahler; Shostakovich; Sibelius; Stravinsky; Walton; jazz; popular music
Most Similar Composers:  Tubin .36; Sallinen .34; Bliss .32; Holmboe .31; Moeran .31; Zwilich .30; Moore .30; Alwyn .29; Kokkonen .29; Blitzstein .28; Gould .27; Toch .27; Rochberg .26; Bennett .26; Walton .26    (8)

Auber, Daniel-François-Esprit (1782-1871) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Early French Romantic (bel canto)
Best Known For:  comic operas
Notable Work:  . . . Fra Diavolo [opera] (1830) 
Musical Influences:  Boieldieu; Cherubini; Mozart; +Rossini; +Weber?
Has Influenced:  Adam; Cui; Dargomïzhsky; Donizetti; Flotow; Gounod; Halévy; Massenet?; Meyerbeer; Offenbach; R Strauss?; Sullivan; Thomas; Verdi; Wagner
Most Similar Composers:  Boieldieu .66; Halévy .63; Adam .59; Thomas .54; Meyerbeer .54; Spontini .52; Méhul .47; Donizetti .47; Kuhlau .45; Viotti .37; Nicolai .36; Berlioz .33; Offenbach .33; Carulli .33; G Charpentier .33    (21)

Auric, Georges (1899-1983) French
Style/Period:  French Neoclassical
Best Known For:  film scores---chamber music---ballets & incidental music
Musical Influences:  Berg; -Chabrier; Ravel; SATIE; Scriabin; Stravinsky; jazz
Has Influenced:  Montsalvatge
Most Similar Composers:  Blacher .55; Tailleferre .47; Lambert .44; Ibert .42; Tansman .42; Schuller .40; Fine .38; Diamond .38; Dutilleux .38; Copland .37; Roussel .36; Bowles .36; Milhaud .35; Kraft .34; Carpenter .34    (23)

Babbitt, Milton (1916-2011) American; mainly Princeton-based from 1938
Style/Period:  Post-Webernian Serial
Best Known For:  computer & magnetic tape-based music---solo piano
Musical Influences:  Berg?; SCHOENBERG; Sessions; Stravinsky?; Varèse; Webern; Wolpe?
Has Influenced:  Davidovsky; Musgrave; Schuller; Wuorinen
Most Similar Composers:  Wuorinen .53; Boulez .52; Wolpe .43; Perle .42; Schuller .42; Feldman .41; Cage .39; Gerhard .39; Holliger .39; Zwilich .39; Stockhausen .38; Carter .38; Krenek .37; Davidovsky .37; Crumb .35    (22)

61. Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel (1714-88) German; Berlin-based 1738-68; Hamburg-based thereafter
Style/Period:  Pre-Classical
Genre Profile:  200---3222---1222---232---00---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  immense
Best Known For:  solo keyboard---syms.---concs.---sonatas & trio sonatas---sacred vocal & choral music---flute (solo, chamber combs., concs.)
Notable Works:  . . . sonatas (6) [fl & continuo] W125-7,129,130,134 (1735-40) . . . 6 Sonatas 'Wurttemberg' [keyb] W49 (1744) . . . Sonata for Flute Solo in A minor W132 (1747) . . . Conc. for Cello & Strings in A W172 (1753?) . . . Conc. for Flute & Strings in G W169 (1755?) . . . 6 Sonatas & Prelude [org] W70 (1755 & 1758) . . . Conc. for Oboe & Strings in E flat W165 (1765?) . . . Orchestral Sym. #3 in C from W182, '6 Hamburg Symphonies' (1773) 
Musical Influences:  JS BACH; Handel; Hasse; +J Haydn?; Quantz; Rameau; Telemann; Vivaldi
Has Influenced:  +++Andriessen; JC BACH; Beethoven; [G Benda]; Clementi; Dussek?; J HAYDN; Hummel; +Mendelssohn; Mozart; Weber?
Most Similar Composers:  Quantz .50; WF Bach .47; JC Bach .36; Hasse .35; Vivaldi .32; JS Bach .32; Telemann .32; Martini .32; Boyce .29; Clementi .27; Handel .27; Zelenka .26; J Haydn .26; Böhm .25; Buxtehude .25    (16)

Bach, Johann Christian (1735-82) German; London-based from 1762
Style/Period:  Pre-Classical
Genre Profile:  222---2122---2221---220---02---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  syms. & sinfonies concertantes---keyboard sonatas---concs.---chamber music---operas
Notable Works:  . . . Grand Over. in B flat from (the opera) Lucio Silla Op.18 no.2 [orch.] (c1779) . . . Sinfonie Concertante in A [vln, vc, 2 oboes & strings] (p1773) . . . 6 Quintets [fl, oboe, vln, va & continuo] Op.11 (p1774) 
Musical Influences:  CPE BACH; JS BACH; Gluck?; Hasse; Jommelli?; Martini; Sammartini; Italian music
Has Influenced:  -Arne; -Boyce?; Clementi; MOZART
Most Similar Composers:  Mozart .38; CPE Bach .36; J Stamitz .33; Sammartini .31; J Haydn .30; Boyce .30; Gluck .29; K Stamitz .27; Dittersdorf .26; Boccherini .26; Handel .26; Vivaldi .26; Beethoven .26; Martini .25; WF Bach .24    (14)

1. Bach, Johann Sebastian (1685-1750) German; Leipzig-based from 1723
Style/Period:  Late German Baroque (w/eclectic German, French & Italian elements)
Genre Profile:  003---3323---2222---033---00---330
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  solo organ---sacred & secular cantatas---concs. & concerti grossi---masses---orchestral pcs---passions---works for solo player---sonatas---harpsichord (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)---motets
Notable Works:  . . . Christ Lag in Todesbanden [church cantata for 4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV4 (1707-8?) . . . Toccata & Fugue in D minor [org] BWV565 (before 1709) . . . Passacaglia & Fugue in C minor [org] BWV582 (1708-12?) . . . Prelude & Fugue in D [org] BWV532 (1708-17) . . . Toccata & Fugue in F [org] BWV540 (1708-17) . . . Toccata, Adagio & Fugue in C [org] BWV564 (1708-17) . . . Brandenburg Concertos [6 concerti grossi for featured instrs. & strings] BWV1046-51 (1708-21) . . . unaccompanied lute works BWV995-1000 & 1006a (c1708-40s) . . . Hunt Cantata [secular cantata for 4 solo vv & orch.] BWV208 (1713?), incl. 'That Sheep may Safely Graze' . . . Conc. for 2 Violins & Strings in D minor BWV1043 (1717-23) . . . Conc. for Violin & Strings in A minor BWV1041 (1717-23) . . . Conc. for Violin & Strings in E BWV1042 (1717-23) . . . 6 sonatas for violin & harpsichord BWV1014-9 (1717-23) . . . 3 sonatas for flute & harpsichord BWV1030-2 (1717-30s) . . . 3 sonatas for flute & continuo BWV1033-5 (1717-30s) . . . 4 Orchestral Suites [instrs. & strings] BWV1066-9 (c1717-30s), incl. 'Air on a G String' . . . Weichet Nur 'Wedding Cantata' [secular cantata for solo v & orch.] BWV202 (1718-23?) . . . 6 Partitas & Sonatas for Solo Violin BWV1001-6 (1720) . . . Partita in A minor [fl] BWV1013 (1720s) . . . Chromatic Fantasia & Fugue in D minor [keyb] BWV903 (c1720; r c1730) . . . The Well-Tempered Klavier (2 Books) [keyb] BWV846-69 & 870-93 (1722 & 1738-42) . . . Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben [church cantata for 4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV147 (1723), incl. 'Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring' . . . A Mighty Fortress is our God [church cantata for 4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV80 (1724) . . . St. John Passion [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV245 (1724; r c1730s & 1740s) . . . St. Matthew Passion [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV244 (1727, r1736) . . . Magnificat in D [5 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV243 (c1728-31) . . . Conc. for Harpsichord & Strings in D minor BWV1052 (1728-35) . . . Conc. for Harpsichord & Strings in F minor BWV1056 (1728-35) . . . 6 Partitas [keyb] BWV825-30 (1731) . . . Wachet Auf! 'Sleepers Awake!' [church cantata for 4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV140 (1731) . . . Christmas Oratorio [6 cantatas for solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV248 (1734) . . . 'Concerto' in the Italian Style [keyb] BWV971 (1735) . . . 21 Choral Preludes [org] BWV669-89 (1739) . . . Goldberg Variations [keyb] BWV988 (1741-2) . . . The Art of Fugue [chamber music for unspecified instrumentation] BWV1080 (c1745-50) . . . The Musical Offering [fl, 2 vlns, keyb & continuo] BWV1079 (1747) . . . Mass in B minor [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] BWV232 (c1747-9) . . . 6 Suites (Sonatas) for Solo Cello BWV1007-12 (c1750) . . . Conc. for 4 Harpsichords & Strings in A minor BWV1065 (d?) . . . Conc. for Oboe & Violin (or 2 Harpsichords) & Strings in C minor BWV1060 (d?) 
Musical Influences:  Albinoni; Böhm; Bruhns; BUXTEHUDE; Corelli; F Couperin; --Frescobaldi; -Froberger; [F Gasparini]; Handel; +Hasse; [R Keiser]; Legrenzi; Lotti; Lully; Pachelbel; --Palestrina; D Scarlatti?; -Schütz; --Sweelinck; Telemann; Torelli; Vivaldi; Zelenka
Has Influenced:  ++Alkan; +++Andriessen; CPE BACH; JC BACH; WF BACH; +++Barrios; +++Bartók; +Beethoven; +++Berio; +++Berkeley; +++Bloch; ++Brahms; ++Bruckner; +++BUSONI; ++Chopin; +Clementi; +++Creston; +++Crumb; ++Czerny; +++Davies; +++Debussy; +++Dupré; +++Duruflé; +++Elgar; +++Enescu; +++Falla; ++Fauré; +++Finzi; +++[W Fortner]; +++Foss; ++FRANCK; ++Franz; ++Goldmark; ++Gounod; +++Grainger; +++Gubaidulina; ++Guilmant; +++Hanson; +++Harbison; +++Harris; +++KA Hartmann; Hasse?; +++Hindemith; +++HONEGGER; +++Hovhaness; +++Indy; +++Ives; +++Kagel; +++Karg-Elert; +++Kodály; +++KOECHLIN; +++Kokkonen; +++Kraft; KREBS; +++Kurtág; +++Leighton; +++Ligeti; ++Liszt; ++Loewe; +++Lutoslawski; +++Mahler; +++MARTIN; +++Martinu; ++MENDELSSOHN; ++Mendelssohn-Hensel; ++[I Moscheles]; +Mozart; +++Nancarrow; +++Nielsen; +++Orff; ++[JK Paine]; ++PARRY; +++Pärt; +++Penderecki; +++Piazzolla; +++REGER; +++Reich; +Reicha; ++Rheinberger; +++Rihm; ++Rossini; +++Rubbra?; +++Ruggles?; +++Rutter; ++Saint-Saëns; +++Schickele; +++Schnittke; +++Schoenberg; +++Schuman?; ++C Schumann; ++R Schumann; +++Shchedrin; +++Shostakovich; +++Stanford; +++Stravinsky; +++Tailleferre; +++Tan; +++Taneyev; +++Tárrega; +++Toch?; +++Tournemire; +++Vaughan Williams; +++Vierne; ++Vieuxtemps; +++VILLA-LOBOS; ++Wagner?; +++Walton; +++Webern; ++WIDOR; +++Wolpe?; +++[BA Zimmermann]
Most Similar Composers:  Buxtehude .43; Pachelbel .43; Handel .42; Telemann .38; Böhm .37; F Couperin .34; Vivaldi .33; Biber .33; Bruhns .32; CPE Bach .32; Weiss .32; Scheidt .31; Leclair .31; Muffat .30; Fux .30    (27)

Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann (1710-84) German; Halle-based 1746-70
Style/Period:  Pre-Classical
Best Known For:  solo keyboard
Notable Work:  . . . Concerto in F [2 hpschds] Fk10 (c1740)]
Musical Influences:  JS BACH; [JG & CH Graun]; Hasse; Quantz?; Rameau?; D Scarlatti?; Telemann; Vivaldi; Zelenka
Most Similar Composers:  CPE Bach .47; Martini .36; Galuppi .35; Soler .33; Weiss .31; Hasse .30; Quantz .28; Fasch .28; Tartini .28; Boyce .26; Boismortier .26; Clementi .25; Jommelli .25; JS Bach .25; JC Bach .24    (14)

Badings, Henk (1907-87) Dutch
Style/Period:  Neoclassical
Best Known For:  unusual musical scales & harmonies---contributed to all main genres, including electronic music
Musical Influences:  Bartók; -Bruckner; Hindemith; Honegger; Milhaud; Ravel; Indonesian music & scales
Most Similar Composers:  Blacher .36; Rorem .29; Foss .28; Holmboe .27; Walker .27; Maderna .27; Xenakis .26; Husa .26; Persichetti .25; Petrassi .24; KA Hartmann .24; Perle .23; Szymanowski .22; Piazzolla .22; Pinkham .22    (1)

Balakirev, Mily (1837-1910) Russian; St. Petersburg-based from 1855
Style/Period:  Russian Nationalist (Romantic)
Genre Profile:  212---2000---1101---200---00---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  piano (solo, concs.)---symphonic poems & concert overs.---syms.---songs
Notable Works:  . . . Tamara [sym. poem] (1867-82) . . . Islamey: Oriental Fantasy [pf] (1869, r1902) 
Musical Influences:  -Beethoven; Berlioz; Chopin; Dargomïzhsky; GLINKA; Liszt; R Schumann; Russian folk music
Has Influenced:  -Borodin; -Cui; Falla; Glazunov; Ippolitov-Ivanov; -Mussorgsky; RIMSKY-KORSAKOV; Tchaikovsky
Most Similar Composers:  Borodin .63; Mussorgsky .60; Rimsky-Korsakov .57; Rubinstein .55; Tchaikovsky .54; Raff .53; Lyadov .53; Cui .50; Gade .41; Gottschalk .40; Rachmaninov .39; Svendsen .38; Grieg .37; Franck .37; MacDowell .36    (24)

54. Barber, Samuel (1910-81) American
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Genre Profile:  223---2212---2212---211---22---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  significant contributor to most main genres
Notable Works:  . . . Dover Beach [songs for solo v & str qtt] Op.3 (1931) . . . Over. to (the Sheridan stage comedy) The School for Scandal [orch.] Op.5 (1931-3) . . . Sonata for Cello & Piano Op.6 (1932) . . . Sym. #1 in One Movement Op.9 (1935-6) . . . Adagio for Strings (from String Quartet #1, Op.11) [orch. arr.] (1936) . . . Essay for Orch. #1 Op.12 (1937) . . . Violin Conc. Op.14 (1939-40) . . . Essay for Orch. #2 Op.17 (1942) . . . Cello Conc. Op.22 (1945) . . . Knoxville: Summer of 1915 [songs for solo v & orch.] Op.24 (1947) . . . Piano Sonata in E flat minor Op.26 (1949) . . . Medea's Meditation & Dance of Vengeance from (the ballet) Medea [orch.] Op.23a (1955) . . . Vanessa [opera] (1957) . . . Piano Conc. Op.38 (1962) . . . Agnus Dei [chorus & org/pf; arr. of Op.11] (1967) 
Musical Influences:  -Brahms; Copland; Debussy; -Liszt?; +Menotti; Ravel?; --R Schumann?; Sibelius; R Strauss; Stravinsky
Has Influenced:  Corigliano; Górecki; Menotti; Pinkham
Most Similar Composers:  Prokofiev .43; Szymanowski .42; Khachaturian .38; Britten .36; Griffes .36; Bartók .36; Berg .36; Bernstein .36; Ireland .35; Bowles .35; Kodály .33; Lutoslawski .33; Kabalevsky .33; Villa-Lobos .33; Dohnányi .33    (39)

Barrios Mangoré, Agustín (1885-1944) Paraguayan
Style/Period:  Nationalist (Romantic)
Best Known For:  solo guitar
Notable Works:  . . . Waltzes [guitar] Op.8 (d?) . . . La Catedral [guitar] (1921) . . . Julia Florida [barcarolle for guitar] (1938)
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; --Beethoven; --Chopin; --Sor; Tárrega; folk music
Has Influenced:  LAURO
Most Similar Composers:  Lauro .54; Tárrega .48; Chávez .37; Ponce .37; Guarnieri .30; Lara .29; Brouwer .26; Revueltas .25; Chopin .25; Villa-Lobos .24; Loewe .24; Moreno Torróba .22; Guilmant .22; Wagner .22; Harris .21    (7)

25. Bartók, Béla (1881-1945) Hungarian; New York-based from 1940
Style/Period:  Hungarian Nationalist (Neoclassical)
Genre Profile:  023---3302---1322---302---22---020
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  piano (solo, w/orch.)---concs.---string quartets---folksong settings---ballets & Duke Bluebeard's Castle (opera)---violin (chamber combs., w/orch.)
Notable Works:  . . . Hungarian folksong arrangements [solo v & pf] (1904-37?) . . . 14 Bagatelles [pf] S38 (1908) . . . String Quartet #1 S40 (1908, r1910) . . . Duke Bluebeard's Castle [opera] S48 (1911) . . . String Quartet #2 S67 (1915-7) . . . 7 Romanian Folk Dances [orch. arr.] S68 (1917) . . . The Miraculous Mandarin [pantomime ballet] S73 (1918-9, 1923, r1924-31; orch. suite 1919, 1927) . . . 2 Sonatas for Violin & Piano S75-6 (1921/1922) . . . Dance Suite [orch.] S77 (1923) . . . Mikrokosmos [6 vols. of pf studies] S107 (1926, 1932-9) . . . String Quartet #3 S85 (1927) . . . Rhapsody #1 for Violin & Piano S86 (1928) . . . String Quartet #4 S91 (1928) . . . Piano Conc. #2 S95 (1930-1) . . . String Quartet #5 S102 (1934) . . . Music for String Instruments, Percussion & Celesta S106 (1936) . . . Sonata for 2 Pianos & Percussion [4 players] S110 (1937) . . . Violin Conc. #2 S112 (1937-8) . . . Divertimento for String Orch. S113 (1939) . . . String Quartet #6 S114 (1939) . . . Conc. for Orch. S116 (1943, r1945) . . . Sonata for Unaccompanied Violin S117 (1944) . . . Piano Conc. #3 S119 (1945) . . . Viola Conc. S120 (1945) 
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; --Beethoven; +Berg; Brahms; +Cowell; Debussy; +Gershwin; Grieg; +Kodály; Liszt; -Mussorgsky; Nielsen?; ---Palestrina; Ravel; ---D Scarlatti; Schoenberg; R Strauss; +Stravinsky; Wagner; Asian music; FOLK MUSIC; Renaissance music
Has Influenced:  Arnold; Badings; [E Bergman]; Berio; Blacher; Boulez; -Bridge; Brouwer; Britten; Carter; Casella; Copland; Crawford; CRUMB; Dutilleux; Foss?; Gerhard; Ginastera; Górecki; Gubaidulina; KA Hartmann; Henze; Hindemith?; HOLMBOE; Husa; Ibert?; -Ireland; Jolivet; [L Kirchner]; Kodály; Kokkonen; Krenek; KURTÁG; Leighton; LIGETI; LUTOSLAWSKI; Maderna; Martin; Messiaen; Monk; Moore?; Moreno Torróba; Musgrave; Nørgård; Nyman; Penderecki; Perle; Persichetti; Petrassi; Piazzolla; Poulenc; Rautavaara; Reich; Revueltas; Rochberg; Rubbra; Schulhoff?; Sculthorpe; Shostakovich?; Stockhausen; Szymanowski; +Tan; Tippett; Tubin; Warlock; Wolpe; Xenakis; Zwilich
Most Similar Composers:  Bloch .46; Symanowski .39; Griffes .38; Barber .36; Kodály .36; Enescu .35; Nielsen .34; Falla .34; Hindemith .34; Copland .33; Ravel .33; Respighi .32; Grieg .32; Gershwin .32; Berg .31    (18)

Bax, Arnold (1883-1953) British
Style/Period:  Late English Romantic (Celtic revival)
Genre Profile:  222---2211---2212---201---10---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  syms. & symphonic poems---chamber music---solo piano
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Quintet in G minor (1915) . . . Tintagel [sym. poem] (1917-9) . . . Piano Sonata #2 in G (1919) 
Musical Influences:  Debussy; Delius; Dvorák; Elgar; Grieg; Liszt; Ravel; Sibelius; R Strauss; Stravinsky; Tchaikovsky; Wagner; Irish/Celtic folk music; Romantic Russian opera & ballet
Has Influenced:  Arnold; Moeran
Most Similar Composers:  Schulhoff .45; Alwyn .44; Jongen .38; Paderewski .36; Suk .34; Dohnányi .34; Zemlinsky .33; Schmitt .33; Sinding .33; Casella .32; Ireland .32; Griffes .32; Barber .32; Tubin .31; Beach .30    (15)

Beach, Amy Marcy [Mrs. H. H. A.] (1867-1944) American; New York-based from 1914
Style/Period:  Late Romantic (New England school)
Genre Profile:  201---2000---2122---200---01---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  piano (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)---songs
Notable Work:  . . . Sonata for Violin & Piano in A minor Op.34 (1898)
Musical Influences:  Brahms; -Chopin; Debussy; Dvorák; Grieg; Liszt; MacDowell; +Rachmaninov; -R Schumann; R Strauss?; Wagner; folk music; Native American themes
Most Similar Composers:  Sinding .62; MacDowell .57; Chaminade .55; Dohnányi .50; Medtner .46; Foote .44; Novák .42; Granados .41; Reger .40; Moszkowski .38; Paderewski .38; Raff .38; Cui .37; Schulhoff .36; Stenhammar .36    (24)

3. Beethoven, Ludwig van (1770-1827) German; Vienna-based from 1792
Style/Period:  Late Viennese Classical
Genre Profile:  332---3302---3333---310---22---320
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  syms.---piano (sonatas, chamber combs., concs.)---chamber music (string quartets, violin sonatas, trios, etc.)---overs.---Violin Conc. in D---Fidelio (opera)---Mass in D 'Missa Solemnis'
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Conc. #2 in B flat Op.19 (1793-5, r1798) . . . Piano Conc. #1 in C Op.15 (1795, r1800) . . . Quintet for Piano & Winds in E flat Op.16 (1796) . . . Piano Sonata #8 in C minor 'Pathetique' Op.13 (1797-8?) . . . Septet in E flat [winds & strings] Op.20 (1799-1800) . . . Sym. #1 in C Op.21 (1800) . . . Sonata for Violin & Piano in F 'Spring' Op.24 (1800-1) . . . Piano Conc. #3 in C minor Op.37 (1800?) . . . Piano Sonata #14 in C sharp minor 'Moonlight' Op.27 no.2 (1801) . . . Sym. #2 in D Op.36 (1801-2) . . . Piano Sonata #17 in D minor 'Tempest' Op.31 no.2 (1802) . . . Sonata for Violin & Piano in A minor 'Kreutzer' Op.47 (1802-3) . . . Sym. #3 in E flat 'Eroica' Op.55 (1803) . . . Conc. for Violin, Cello, Piano & Orch. in C Op.56 (1803-4) . . . Piano Sonata #21 in C 'Waldstein' Op.53 (1803-4) . . . Fidelio [opera] Op.72 (1804-5) . . . Piano Sonata #23 in F minor 'Appassionata' Op.57 (1804-5) . . . Leonore Over. #3 (to the opera Fidelio) [orch.] Op.72a (1805-6) . . . Over. to (the opera) Fidelio [orch.] Op.72b (1805) . . . Piano Conc. #4 in G Op.58 (1805-6) . . . String Quartet #7 in F Op.59 no.1 (1805-6) . . . String Quartet #9 in C 'Hero' Op.59 no.3 (1805-6) . . . Sym. #4 in B flat Op.60 (1806) . . . Violin Conc. in D Op.61 (1806) . . . Over. to (the Collin play) Coriolan in C minor [orch.] Op.62 (1807) . . . Sonata for Cello & Piano in A Op.69 (1807-8) . . . Sym. #5 in C minor Op.67 (1807-8) . . . Piano Trio #4 in D 'Ghost' Op.70 no.1 (1808) . . . Sym. #6 in F 'Pastoral' Op.68 (1808) . . . Piano Conc. #5 in E flat 'Emperor' Op.73 (1809) . . . Over. & Incidental Music to (the Goethe play) Egmont [orch.] Op.84 (1809-10) . . . Piano Sonata #26 in E flat 'Les Adieux' Op.81a (1809-10) . . . Piano Trio #7 in B flat 'Archduke' Op.97 (1810-1) . . . Sym. #7 in A Op.92 (1811-2) . . . Sym. #8 in F Op.93 (1812) . . . Sonata for Cello & Piano in D Op.102 no.2 (1815) . . . Piano Sonata #29 in B flat 'Hammerklavier' Op.106 (1817-8) . . . Mass in D 'Missa Solemnis' [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] Op.123 (1819-23) . . . 33 Variations on a Waltz by Diabelli [pf] Op.120 (1819, 1822-3) . . . Piano Sonata #31 in A flat Op.110 (1821-2) . . . Piano Sonata #32 in C minor Op.111 (1821-2) . . . Sym. #9 in D minor 'Choral' [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] Op.125 (1822-4) . . . 6 Bagatelles [pf] Op.126 (1823-4) . . . String Quartet #15 in A minor Op.132 (1825) . . . String Quartet #13 in B flat Op.130 (1825-6) . . . Grosse Fuge in B flat [str qtt] Op.133 (1825-6) . . . String Quartet #14 in C sharp minor Op.131 (1826) . . . String Quartet #16 in F Op.135 (1826) 
Musical Influences:  CPE Bach; -JS Bach; Cherubini; Clementi; Dussek; --Fux; Gluck; -Handel; J Haydn; Méhul; Mozart; ---Palestrina; Reicha; Salieri; -D Scarlatti?; Viotti; gypsy music
Has Influenced:  +++Adams; Alkan; +Balakirev; ++Barrios; ++Bartók; BERLIOZ; Berwald; +Bizet; ++Bloch; +Boito; +Borodin; Bottesini; +BRAHMS; ++Britten; BRUCKNER; ++Busoni?; Carulli; ++Chadwick; ++Chausson; ++Chávez; -Clementi?; Chopin; CZERNY; ++Dohnányi; ++Dukas; +Dvorák; ++Elgar; ++Enescu; Field; ++Finney; Franck; Gade; Giuliani; Glinka; +Goldmark; +++Górecki; Gounod; +Grieg; +Guilmant; ++Harris; ++Honegger; +Indy; ++Ireland; ++Ives; +++Kagel; -Krommer?; KUHLAU; ++Kurtág?; Lalo; Liszt; Loewe; ++Lutoslawski?; ++Mahler; -Mayr; ++Medtner; -Méhul?; Mendelssohn; Mendelssohn-Hensel; +Mussorgsky?; Nicolai; ++Nielsen; Paganini; +[JK Paine]; +Parry; ++Prokofiev; ++Ravel?; ++Reger; Reicha; Reinecke?; +Rheinberger; +++Rihm; ++Rochberg; Rossini; ++Rubbra?; +Rubinstein; +Saint-Saëns; ++Schoenberg; SCHUBERT; ++Schuman?; C Schumann; R Schumann; ++Shostakovich; ++Sibelius; Smetana; Spohr; ++Stenhammar; ++Stravinsky; +Sullivan; +Svendsen; ++Taneyev; +Tárrega; +Tchaikovsky; ++Tippett; ++Tournemire?; +++Tower; Verdi; Vieuxtemps; WAGNER; Weber?; ++Webern; ++Wolf; +++Zwilich
Most Similar Composers:  Schubert .46; Hummel .45; J Haydn .43; Mendelssohn .43; Mozart .39; Dussek .34; Reicha .33; Brahms .33; Weber .32; Rossini .31; Spohr .31; M Haydn .30; Cherubini .30; Clementi .29; Field .29    (18)

51. Bellini, Vincenzo (1801-35) Italian
Style/Period:  Early Italian Romantic (bel canto)
Genre Profile:  002---0020---0011---110---03---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  operas---songs
Notable Works:  . . . Conc. for Oboe & Strings in E flat (c1825) . . . La Sonnambula [opera] (1831) . . . Norma [opera] (1831) . . . I Puritani [opera] (1835) 
Musical Influences:  Donizetti?; J Haydn; Mayr; Meyerbeer?; -Mozart; Paisiello; --Pergolesi; ROSSINI; Spontini; folksong
Has Influenced:  BOTTESINI; Chopin; ++Cilea; -Donizetti; Glinka; Liszt; -Mercadante; -Meyerbeer; Nicolai; -[G PACINI]; Verdi; Wagner
Most Similar Composers:  Donizetti .51; Mercadante .42; Mayr .40; Rossini .40; Verdi .36; Meyerbeer .36; Flotow .35; Salieri .33; Lortzing .32; Auber .32; Glinka .31; Bizet .31; Nicolai .29; Giuliani .29; Ponchielli .28    (15)

Bennett, Richard Rodney (1936-2012) British; New York-based from 1979
Style/Period:  Post-Schoenbergian Serial (Neoromantic)
Best Known For:  works prolifically in all main genres, but especially in stage & screen
Musical Influences:  -Berg; Boulez; Britten; -Debussy; Henze; [E Lutyens]; Messiaen?; Poulenc; Stravinsky; Walton; Webern?; jazz; popular song
Most Similar Composers:  Druckman .38; Schuller .37; Zwilich .37; Blitzstein .34; Corigliano .34; Rautavaara .34; Perle .32; Birtwistle .31; Takemitsu .30; Diamond .30; Dutilleux .30; Alwyn .30; Eisler .29; Moreno Torróba .29; Tower .29    (16)

72. Berg, Alban (1885-1935) Austrian; Vienna-based
Style/Period:  Expressionist to 1925; Serial thereafter
Genre Profile:  022---0202---0211---200---03---020
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known For:  significant contributor to most main genres
Notable Works:  . . . songs [solo v & pf/orch.] (1900-12) . . . Piano Sonata Op.1 (1907-8?) . . . String Quartet Op.3 (1910) . . . Three Pieces for Orch. Op.6 (1914-5) . . . Wozzeck [opera] Op.7 (1917-22) . . . Chamber Conc. [vln, pf & 13 wind instrs.] (1923-5) . . . Lyric Suite for String Quartet (1925-6) . . . Lulu [opera] (1929-35) . . . Lulu Symphony [suite for solo v & orch. from the opera] (1934) . . . Violin Conc. 'To the Memory of an Angel' (1935) 
Musical Influences:  Brahms; Debussy; Dukas?; MAHLER; SCHOENBERG; Schreker; --R Schumann; R Strauss?; -Wagner; Webern; Wolf; Zemlinsky; jazz
Has Influenced:  Alwyn; Auric; Babbitt?; -Bartók; +Bennett; Blacher; Boulez; -Bridge; Britten; Carter?; Crawford?; Crumb; Dallapiccola; Davies; Diamond?; Dutilleux?; Finney; Gerhard; Gershwin; Ginastera; Harrison; KA Hartmann; Henze; [B Herrmann]; +Holliger; Jolivet; Kokkonen; Krenek?; Kurtág; Larsson; Leighton; Ligeti; Penderecki; Perle; Rautavaara; Rochberg?; Sallinen?; Scelsi; Schnittke; Schulhoff?; Schuller; Shostakovich; Toch?; [E Wellesz]; -Zemlinsky; [BA Zimmermann]; +Zwilich
Most Similar Composers:  Schoenberg .50; Schreker .49; Webern .41; Korngold .41; Zemlinsky .40; Szymanowski .37; Barber .36; Pfitzner .34; Krenek .33; Bartók .31; Stravinsky .31; Sinding .31; Eisler .31; Ravel .31; Hindemith .30    (12)

Berio, Luciano (1925-2003) Italian
Style/Period:  European Avant-garde
Genre Profile:  012---1222---2211---212---12---22x
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  works for solo player ('Sequenza' series)---music theatre & other works for solo v or vv & instrumental ensemble---chamber music---magnetic tape-based pcs---music on political subjects
Notable Works:  . . . Nones [orch.] (1954) . . . Sequenza I [fl] (1958) . . . Sequenza III [solo female v] (1965) . . . Sequenza V [trombone] (1966) . . . Sinfonia [8 solo vv & orch.] (1968, r1969) 
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; Bartók; Boulez; DALLAPICCOLA; -Debussy; Maderna; -Mahler; +Stockhausen; Stravinsky; Webern; folksong; jazz?
Has Influenced:  Andriessen; Bolcom; Crumb?
Most Similar Composers:  Boulez .45; Maderna .45; Kagel .42; Xenakis .37; Ligeti .35; Reich .34; Górecki .34; Stockhausen .34; Kurtág .34; Penderecki .34; Nono .34; Rochberg .32; Birtwistle .31; Crumb .31; Dutilleux .30    (16)

Berkeley, Lennox (1903-89) British
Style/Period:  French Neoclassical
Best Known For:  solo piano---songs---choral music---chamber music
Notable Work:  . . . Sonatina for Recorder/Flute & Piano Op.13 (1939) 
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; +Britten; --Chopin; Fauré; ---Mozart; Poulenc; RAVEL; Stravinsky
Most Similar Composers:  Françaix .43; Martin .39; Tansman .38; Koechlin .35; Tailleferre .35; Poulenc .34; Piazzolla .34; Fine .33; Dutilleux .33; Ibert .32; Martinu .31; Kraft .30; Mompou .29; Auric .29; Lutoslawski .27    (14)

29. Berlioz, Hector (1803-69) French; mainly Paris-based from 1821
Style/Period:  Early French Romantic (New German school)
Genre Profile:  332---0201---0001---110---03---330
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  dramatic music for orch.---concert overs.---operas---syms.---sacred vocal- & choral-orchestral music---songs---orchestration
Notable Works:  . . . Symphonie Fantastique Op.14 (1830) . . . Harold in Italy [sym. for va & orch.] Op.16 (1834) . . . Benvenuto Cellini [opera] (1834-7) . . . Grande Messe des Morts (Requiem) [solo v, chorus & orch.] Op.5 (1837) . . . Over. to (the opera) Benvenuto Cellini [orch.] Op.23 (1838) . . . Romeo & Juliet ['dramatic symphony' for solo vv, chorus & orch.] Op.17 (1839) . . . Grande Symphonie Funèbre et Triomphale [military band, string orch. & chorus ad lib] Op.15 (1840) . . . Les Nuits d'Été [song cycle for solo v & pf/orch.] Op.7 (1840-1, 1843-56) . . . Roman Carnival Over. [concert over. based on material from the opera Benvenuto Cellini] Op.9 (1844) . . . The Damnation of Faust ['dramatic legend' for 4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] Op.24 (1845-6) . . . Te Deum [solo v, chorus & orch.] Op.22 (1849) . . . L'Enfance du Christ [sacred oratorio for solo v, chorus & orch.] (1850-4) . . . Les Troyens [opera] (1856-8) . . . Béatrice et Bénédict [opera] (1860-2) 
Musical Influences:  BEETHOVEN; Cherubini; -Gluck; [J-F Le Sueur]; Méhul; Meyerbeer; -Mozart; --Rameau?; Reicha; Spontini; Weber
Has Influenced:  Alkan; ++ARNOLD; Balakirev; -Berwald; Borodin; Bruckner?; Busoni; G Charpentier; Chopin?; Cui; Delibes; Elgar; +Enescu; Franck; Glinka; Gottschalk; Gounod; Indy; Liszt; Mahler; Massenet; ++Messiaen; Mussorgsky; Nielsen?; [JK Paine]; Raff?; Rimsky-Korsakov; Saint-Saëns; Sibelius?; Smetana; R Strauss; Sullivan; Svendsen; Tárrega?; Tchaikovsky; Thomas; +Varèse; Verdi; Vieuxtemps?; Wagner; Wolf?
Most Similar Composers:  Gounod .41; Verdi .40; Wagner .37; Schubert .36; Meyerbeer .35; Liszt .35; Weber .35; Mendelssohn .35; Auber .33; Franck .33; Cherubini .32; Méhul .32; Boieldieu .32; Reicha .31; Rossini .30    (11)

50. Bernstein, Leonard (1918-90) American; mainly New York-based
Style/Period:  American Vernacularist (w/eclectic Neoclassical, Neoromantic & Serial elements)
Genre Profile:  232---0122---1012---201---22---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  stage works & derivative orchestral suites---syms.---vocal- & choral-orchestral music
Notable Works:  . . . Sym. #1 'Jeremiah' [solo v & orch.] (1943) . . . Fancy Free [ballet] (1944) . . . Sym. #2 'Age of Anxiety' [pf & orch.] (1949) . . . Over. to (the comic operetta) Candide [orch.] (1955-6) . . . Symphonic Dances from (the musical) West Side Story [orch.] (1960) . . . Chichester Psalms [psalm settings for solo v, chorus & orch.] (1965) 
Musical Influences:  Blitzstein; COPLAND; Gershwin; Hindemith; Ives; -Mahler; Milhaud; Piston; Stravinsky; Thompson; Weill; jazz; Hebrew liturgical music
Has Influenced:  Adler?; Corigliano; Tan?
Most Similar Composers:  Gould .46; Weill .41; Adler .41; Barber .36; Skalkottas .35; Sessions .35; Walton .35; Honegger .32; Blitzstein .32; Pinkham .31; Fine .29; Schuman .29; Walker .29; Druckman .29; Rochberg .28    (16)

Berwald, Franz (1796-1868) Swedish
Style/Period:  Early German Romantic
Best Known For:  syms.---chamber music
Notable Works:  . . . Sym. #1 in G minor 'Sinfonie Sérieuse' (1842) . . . Sym. #3 in C 'Sinfonie Singulière' (1845) 
Musical Influences:  Beethoven; +Berlioz; Hummel; +Mendelssohn; -Mozart; Spohr; Weber
Has Influenced:  +Alfvén; Nielsen?; +Stenhammar
Most Similar Composers:  Gade .55; Reinecke .45; Nicolai .45; Wagner .42; Lortzing .39; Raff .39; Bruckner .38; Alkan .37; Rheinberger .34; Mendelssohn-Hensel .34; R Schumann .34; Smetana .34; Mendelssohn .34; Spohr .33; Svendsen .33    (16)

Biber, Heinrich I. F. von (1644-1704) Bohemian; Salzburg-based from c1670
Style/Period:  Middle Austrian Baroque
Best Known For:  violin sonatas---chamber ensemble pcs---sacred vocal & choral music
Notable Works:  . . . Battalia a 10 in D [strings] (p1673) . . . Mystery (Rosary) Sonatas & Passacaglia [vln & continuo] (c1676)
Musical Influences:  Buxtehude?; -[C Farina]; Schmelzer; French, German/Austrian & Italian music
Has Influenced:  Muffat?
Most Similar Composers:  Schmelzer .41; Buxtehude .36; Telemann .35; Pachelbel .33; JS Bach .33; Purcell .33; Vivaldi .30; Handel .29; Hasse .27; Zelenka .26; F Couperin .26; Tartini .25; Muffat .25; Marais .24; Billings .22    (16)

Billings, William (1746-1800) American; Boston-based
Style/Period:  "American primitive"
Best Known For:  sacred choral music (hymns, anthems, 'fuging tunes,' etc.)
Musical Influences:  18th century English church music; folk music
Has Influenced:  ++Cowell; +++Schuman
Most Similar Composers:  Weelkes .25; Tallis .23; Biber .22; Sowerby .22; Purcell .20; Hasse .20; Rutter .20; Legrenzi .20; Pachelbel .19; Praetorius .18; Byrd .18; Buxtehude .17; Martini .16; Allegri .16; Carissimi .16    (5)

Binchois, Gilles (de) (c1400-60) Franco-Flemish; Burgundian court-based
Style/Period:  Early Franco-Flemish Renaissance
Best Known For:  secular songs (chansons)---mass movements & other small-scale sacred vocal music
Musical Influences:  Dufay?; DUNSTABLE; Gregorian chant
Has Influenced:  -Dufay?; La Rue?; Ockeghem
Most Similar Composers:  Ockeghem .75; Obrecht .71; Dufay .68; Gombert .67; Machaut .61; Josquin .59; Dunstable .57; La Rue .57; Clemens .53; Isaac .47; Morales .42; Susato .42; Janequin .42; Taverner .37; Willaert .35    (18)

Birtwistle, Harrison (Paul) (1934-2022) British
Style/Period:  Post-Serial, with a modernist core broadened by myth, ritual, history & theatre
Best Known For:  operas---chamber music
Musical Influences:  Boulez; Cage; Messiaen; -Satie; Stockhausen; Stravinsky; Varèse; --Wagner; Webern; Medieval polyphony
Most Similar Composers:  Wolff .45; Stockhausen .41; Wolpe .39; Davies .38; Schuller .38; Feldman .37; Takemitsu .37; Xenakis .36; Górecki .36; Kurtág .35; Boulez .35; Montsalvatge .35; Krenek .34; Petrassi .33; Ligeti .33    (29)

37. Bizet, Georges (1838-75) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Middle French Romantic
Genre Profile:  232---0000---0002---200---03---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known Work:  . . . Sym. #1 in C (1855) . . . The Pearl Fishers [opera] (1863) . . . Jeux d'Enfants [12 pcs for pf 4 hands (also in orch. arr.)] Op.22 (1871) . . . L'Arlésienne Suite #1 [orch. suite from incidental music to the Daudet play] (1872) . . . Carmen [opera] (1873-4; orch. suites #1 & #2 1874) 
Musical Influences:  -Beethoven; Chopin; Donizetti; GOUNOD; Halévy; --J Haydn; Mendelssohn?; Meyerbeer; --Mozart; Offenbach; Rossini; Saint-Saëns?; +Sarasate?; Verdi; Wagner?; Spanish music; Asian & Middle Eastern music
Has Influenced:  Busoni?; Chabrier; -Delibes; Leoncavallo; Massenet; Puccini; -Saint-Saëns?; Sullivan; Tchaikovsky
Most Similar Composers:  Lalo .46; Delibes .45; Saint-Saëns .42; Thomas .41; Flotow .39; Chabrier .36; Guilmant .36; G Charpentier .36; Boito .36; Carulli .36; Gounod .35; Nicolai .35; Bottesini .34; Halévy .34; Smetana .33    (21)

Blacher, Boris (1903-75) German; after 1922 mainly Berlin-based
Best Known For:  concs.---chamber music---ballets
Notable Work:  . . . Variations on a Theme by Niccolò Paganini [orch.] Op.26 (1947)
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Berg; Hindemith; Milhaud; Ravel?; Satie; Schoenberg; STRAVINSKY; jazz
Has Influenced:  Harbison?; KA Hartmann
Most Similar Composers:  Auric .55; Skalkottas .47; Wolpe .46; Walker .45; Dutilleux .44; Zwilich .44; Petrassi .41; Toch .39; Bliss .39; Revueltas .39; Perle .38; Rochberg .38; Schuller .38; Tailleferre .38; Piazzolla .37    (38)

Bliss, Arthur (1891-1975) British; mainly London-based
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Best Known For:  orchestral pcs---film scores---choral music---ballets---brass (orchestral)
Notable Works:  . . . A Colour Symphony (1921-2; r1932) . . . Things to Come [film score & orch. suite] (1934-5) . . . Music for Strings [string orch.] (1935) 
Musical Influences:  Debussy; Elgar; +Milhaud; ---Purcell; Ravel; Schoenberg; Shostakovich?; Stravinsky; jazz
Has Influenced:  Finzi?
Most Similar Composers:  Carpenter .43; Blacher .39; Zwilich .38; Alwyn .36; Honegger .36; Copland .34; Auric .34; Walton .33; Tailleferre .33; Walker .32; Shchedrin .32; Arnold .32; Rorem .31; Ireland .30; Montsalvatge .30    (21)

Blitzstein, Marc (1905-64) American
Style/Period:  American Vernacularist
Best Known For:  dramatic works (for stage, film & radio) featuring political satire & social criticism
Notable Work:  . . . The Cradle Will Rock ["play in music"] (1936-7) 
Musical Influences:  Eisler; Hindemith; Schoenberg; Stravinsky; WEILL; jazz; popular song
Has Influenced:  Bernstein
Most Similar Composers:  Skalkottas .43; Fine .39; Eisler .38; Weill .37; Wolpe .35; Toch .35; Bennett .34; Blacher .32; Walker .32; Schickele .32; Henze .32; Bernstein .32; Sessions .29; Amram .29; Petrassi .29    (14)

Bloch, Ernest (1880-1959) Swiss-American; mainly U.S.-based from 1916
Style/Period:  Neoclassical (w/Jewish Nationalist & Neoromantic elements)
Genre Profile:  202---2222---2212---212---02---210
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known For:  cello (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)---violin (chamber combs., w/orch.)---music on Jewish themes---quartets & quintets
Notable Works:  . . . Schelomo: Hebraic Rhapsody for Cello & Orch. (1915-6) . . . String Quartet #1 in B minor (1916) . . . Suite for Viola & Piano [also in va & orch. arr.] (1919) . . . Sonata #1 for Violin & Piano (1920) . . . Piano Quintet #1 (1921-3) . . . Baal Shem [suite for vln & pf] (1923) . . . From Jewish Life [suite for vc & pf] (1924) . . . Concerto Grosso #1 [pf & string orch.] (1924-5) . . . Violin Conc. (1937-8) 
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; --Beethoven; DEBUSSY; [E Jaques-Dalcroze]; Liszt?; Mahler?; Mussorgsky; Ravel; R Strauss; Wagner; Renaissance music; Jewish religious music
Has Influenced:  Clarke; Sessions; Pizzetti; Sculthorpe; Thompson
Most Similar Composers:  Bartók .46; Schnittke .38; Dohnányi .36; Barber .33; Lutoslawski .33; Szymanowski .31; Hindemith .31; Dvorák .30; Prokofiev .30; Enescu .29; Shostakovich .28; Falla .27; Grieg .27; Herbert .27; Chausson .27    (7)

Blow, John (1649-1708) British; London-based from 1668
Style/Period:  Middle English Baroque
Best Known For:  anthems---odes---songs---solo keyboard (hpschd & org)
Notable Works:  . . . Venus & Adonis [masque] (c1682) . . . Ode on the Death of Mr. Henry Purcell [2 solo vv, 2 recorders & basso-continuo] (p1696) 
Musical Influences:  Carissimi?; -Frescobaldi; Froberger; [C Gibbons]; Lawes?; Locke; Lully?; -Monteverdi?; French & Italian music
Has Influenced:  [J Clarke]; [W Croft]; PURCELL
Most Similar Composers:  Purcell .55; Locke .43; Buxtehude .40; Handel .36; Lawes .33; Boyce .33; Campion .29; Böhm .29; Muffat .28; L Couperin .27; Scheidt .26; Tomkins .23; Arne .23; Froberger .22; Pachelbel .21    (13)

105. Boccherini, Luigi (1743-1805) Italian; Spain-based after 1768
Style/Period:  Classical
Genre Profile:  201---1301---3222---000---10---210
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  cello (sonatas, concs.)---string quintets---quintets for guitar & string quartet---syms.---string quartets
Notable Works:  . . . Cello Conc. #7 in G G480 (1770) . . . Minuet from String Quintet #5 in E G275 (1771) . . . Cello Conc. #9 in B flat G482 (c1775?) . . . Quintet for Guitar & Strings #4 in D G448 (1798) . . . syms. G493-8, G503-22 (p1775-92) . . . Sonata for Cello & Continuo #4 in A G4 (d?)
Musical Influences:  --Corelli; Gluck; J HAYDN; ---Palestrina; -Pergolesi; Sammartini; J Stamitz; Tartini; Spanish guitar music
Has Influenced:  Mozart; Sor
Most Similar Composers:  Mozart .29; Dittersdorf .28; Beethoven .28; JC Bach .26; J Haydn .26; Schubert .21; Paisiello .19; Piccinni .19; Méhul .19; M Haydn .19; Sanz .17; Grétry .17; Salieri .16; Cimarosa .16; Krommer .16    (7)

Böhm, Georg (1661-1733) German; mainly Lüneberg-based after 1697
Style/Period:  Middle German Baroque
Best Known For:  solo organ & keyboard (espec. chorale partitas, fugues & preludes)
Musical Influences:  Buxtehude; Froberger; Lully; [JA Reincken]; [M Weckmann]?
Has Influenced:  JS Bach
Most Similar Composers:  Bruhns .50; Pachelbel .49; Buxtehude .44; Scheidt .40; JS Bach .37; Byrd .30; Blow .29; Martini .27; L Couperin .27; Sweelinck .26; CPE Bach .25; Krebs .24; Telemann .24; Purcell .22; Lalande .21    (13)

Boieldieu, François-Adrien (1775-1834) French; mainly Paris-based from 1796
Style/Period:  Post-Classical
Best Known For:  comic operas
Notable Work:  . . . Harp Conc. in C (1801)
Musical Influences:  Cherubini; Grétry; Méhul?; Mozart; +Rossini; +Weber
Has Influenced:  ADAM; Auber; Halévy; Thomas; Weber
Most Similar Composers:  Auber .66; Spontini .60; Méhul .54; Viotti .54; Cherubini .49; Lortzing .47; Reicha .46; Kuhlau .43; Carulli .42; Halévy .39; Mayr .37; Donizetti .37; Wagner .34; Nicolai .34; Meyerbeer .34    (21)

Boismortier, Joseph Bodin de (1689-1755) French; Paris-based from c1724
Style/Period:  Late French Baroque (galant)
Best Known For:  chamber music (espec. w/flute or recorder)
Notable Work:  . . . 6 Sonatas for Flute & Keyboard Op.91 (p1741-2) 
Musical Influences:  Corelli; Rameau; Vivaldi; Italian music; dance music
Most Similar Composers:  Leclair .50; Clérambault .45; Lalande .39; Boyce .35; Marais .35; F Couperin .34; Sammartini .33; Telemann .33; Torelli .31; Tartini .28; Handel .27; Locatelli .26; WF Bach .26; Martini .24; L Couperin .24    (16)

Boito, Arrigo (1842-1918) Italian
Style/Period:  Middle Italian Romantic (w/eclectic French, German & Italian elements)
Genre Profile:  000---0000---0000---000---03---010
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known For:  operas; also as librettist of Ponchielli's La Gioconda and Verdi's Otello & Falstaff
Notable Work:  . . . Mefistofele [opera] (1868, r1875-8)
Musical Influences:  -Beethoven; Meyerbeer; Verdi; Wagner
Has Influenced:  -Verdi
Most Similar Composers:  Ponchielli .67; Leoncavallo .58; Giordano .49; Mascagni .48; Puccini .48; Bizet .36; Mussorgsky .36; Verdi .36; Cilea .35; Bottesini .35; Goldmark .33; Dargomïzhsky .33; Smetana .32; Massenet .31; Wolf-Ferrari .29    (17)

Bolcom, William (1938-) American; Ann Arbor-based from 1973
Style/Period:  American Vernacularist (w/eclectic Expressionist, Neoclassical & Neoromantic elements: Polystylistic)
Genre Profile:  211---2222---2222---220---01---020
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  piano rags---chamber music---orchestral pcs---syms.---songs
Musical Influences:  Berio; [Eubie Blake]; Boulez; --Chopin; Ives; -Joplin; Messiaen; Milhaud; Rochberg; Stockhausen; RAGTIME; JAZZ; POPULAR SONG
Most Similar Composers:  Still .31; Schulhoff .30; Davies .29; Schuller .29; Rorem .27; Górecki .27; Moore .26; Riegger .26; Krenek .26; Tansman .26; Bernstein .26; Sallinen .25; Carpenter .25; Schuman .25; Andriessen .25    (3)

Bononcini, Giovanni (Battista) (1670-1747) Italian; London-based 1720-32, also for periods in Paris & Vienna
Style/Period:  Late Italian Baroque
Best Known For:  operas---oratorios---cantatas
Musical Influences:  Cavalli; Corelli; [A Steffani]
Has Influenced:  Handel; Rameau?
Most Similar Composers:  A Scarlatti .54; Lotti .47; Carissimi .46; Caldara .45; Stradella .40; Legrenzi .37; Marcello .37; Geminiani .37; Locatelli .33; Fux .31; Albinoni .31; Caccini .30; Handel .30; Lully .29; Cavalli .26    (18)

79. Borodin, Alexander (1833-87) Russian; St. Petersburg-based
Style/Period:  Russian Nationalist (Romantic)
Genre Profile:  332---0000---1311---200---02---020
Quantity of Work Produced:  small
Best Known Work:  . . . songs [solo v & pf] (c1850-c1885) . . . Prince Igor [opera; completed by Glazunov & Rimsky-Korsakov] (1869-70, 1874-87) . . . Sym. #2 in B minor (1869-76) . . . String Quartet #1 in A (1874-9) . . . In (the Steppes of) Central Asia [sym. poem] (1880) . . . String Quartet #2 in D (1881) . . . Sym. #3 in A minor (completed by Glazunov) (1882, 1886-7) . . . Petite Suite [pf] (1885) . . . Over. to (the opera) Prince Igor [orch.; orchestration completed by Glazunov] (1888) . . . Polovtsian Dances from (the opera) Prince Igor [orch.; orchestration completed by Glazunov & Rimsky-Korsakov] (1888) 
Musical Influences:  +Balakirev; -Beethoven; Berlioz; Chopin; Glinka; Liszt; Mendelssohn; +Mussorgsky; +Rimsky-Korsakov; R Schumann; folksong; Central Asian music
Has Influenced:  Debussy; Glazunov; Glière; Gretchaninov; Janácek?; +Kabalevsky; +Khachaturian; +Prokofiev; Rachmaninov; Ravel; +Shostakovich; Sibelius; Stravinsky
Most Similar Composers:  Mussorgsky .72; Balakirev .63; Rimsky-Korsakov .60; Rubinstein .57; Lyadov .56; Cui .52; Tchaikovsky .51; Smetana .48; Raff .44; Glinka .41; Arensky .41; Glazunov .40; Grieg .39; Dargomïzhsky .38; Svendsen .37    (23)

Bottesini, Giovanni (1821-89) Italian
Style/Period:  Middle Italian Romantic
Best Known For:  double bass (chamber combs., w/orch.)
Notable Works:  . . . Gran Duo Concertante [vln, double bass & string orch.] (1880) . . . Conc. for Double Bass & Orchestra #2 in B minor [originally for double bass & pf] (p1950) 
Musical Influences:  Beethoven?; BELLINI; Chopin; Donizetti; Mendelssohn; Verdi
Most Similar Composers:  Nicolai .38; Boito .35; Bizet .34; Cilea .33; Mercadante .27; Glinka .27; Verdi .27; Wagner .25; Guilmant .25; Rubinstein .25; Ponchielli .24; Gade .24; Smetana .23; Alkan .23; Giordano .23    (6)

Boulanger, Lili (1893-1918) French; mainly Paris-based
Style/Period:  Impressionist (French Romantic)
Best Known For:  vocal- & choral-orchestral music---songs
Notable Work:  . . . Pie Jesu [v, str qtt, harp & org] (1918)
Musical Influences:  Chabrier?; DEBUSSY; Fauré; Guilmant?; Schmitt; Vierne?; -Wagner; Widor?
Has Influenced:  -Honegger
Most Similar Composers:  Vierne .52; Duruflé .34; Mompou .34; Koechlin .33; Chausson .31; Dupré .30; Delius .29; Satie .29; Tournemire .29; Larsen .27; Ibert .25; Schmitt .25; Dukas .25; Roussel .25; G Charpentier .25    (7)

Boulez, Pierre (1925-2016) French; mainly Paris-based
Style/Period:  European Avant-garde
Genre Profile:  022---0010---2202---201---00---02x
Quantity of Work Produced:  small
Best Known For:  works for solo v or vv & instrumental ensemble---aleatory music---solo piano---orchestral pcs---magnetic tape-based pcs
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Sonata #2 (1948) . . . Le Soleil des Eaux [secular cantata for solo v or vv, chorus & chamber orch.] (1948, r1958 & 1965) . . . Le Marteau sans Maître [secular cantata for solo v & 6 instrs.] (1953-5, r1957) . . . Piano Sonata #3 (1955-7) . . . Pli Selon Pli [song settings of Mallarmé poems for solo v & orch.] (1957-62, r1980s) 
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Berg; Cage; -Debussy; Maderna; MESSIAEN; Schoenberg; +Stockhausen; Stravinsky; Varèse; Webern; music of India; gamelan music
Has Influenced:  Bennett; Berio; Birtwistle; Bolcom; -Cage; Górecki; Holliger; Kagel; -Ligeti; Penderecki; -Petrassi?; Stockhausen?; Takemitsu; Wolff?
Most Similar Composers:  Babbitt .52; Xenakis .51; Crumb .51; Stockhausen .46; Berio .45; Kurtág .36; Ligeti .36; Penderecki .35; Birtwistle .35; Henze .34; Dutilleux .34; Holliger .34; Gerhard .32; Montsalvatge .32; Scelsi .32    (29)

Bowles, Paul (1910-99) American-Moroccan; Tangier-based from 1947
Best Known For:  stage works (espec. ballets & incidental music)---songs---solo piano
Musical Influences:  Copland; Ravel; Revueltas; Stravinsky; Thomson
Most Similar Composers:  Carpenter .37; Auric .36; Gould .36; Copland .36; Barber .35; Roussel .34; Weill .33; Montsalvatge .32; Diamond .31; Griffes .31; Gershwin .30; Tailleferre .29; Bernstein .27; Rorem .27; Piston .27    (11)

Boyce, William (1711-79) British; London-based
Style/Period:  Pre-Classical
Best Known For:  overs. & syms.---anthems
Notable Works:  . . . Sym. #1 in B flat [arr. by C. Lambert] Op.2 no.1 (p1760) . . . O Where Shall Wisdom be Found? [anthem] (1769?) . . . Voluntary #1 in D [keyb] (p1779) 
Musical Influences:  +JC Bach?; Corelli; HANDEL; Rameau; French & Italian music
Most Similar Composers:  Arne .39; J Stamitz .36; Boismortier .35; Clementi .34; Sammartini .33; Blow .33; JC Bach .30; Geminiani .29; CPE Bach .29; Leclair .28; Gluck .28; Tartini .28; Muffat .28; D Scarlatti .27; Telemann .27    (24)

5. Brahms, Johannes (1833-97) German; Hamburg-based to 1862; Vienna-based thereafter
Style/Period:  Middle German Romantic (Neoclassical)
Genre Profile:  303---3302---3333---320---00---330
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  important contributor to most main genres (except ballet & opera)
Notable Works:  . . . songs [solo v & pf] (1851-96) . . . 21 Hungarian Dances (in 4 books) [pf 4 hands] (1852-69) . . . Piano Sonata #3 in F minor Op.5 (1853) . . . Piano Conc. #1 in D minor Op.15 (1854-8) . . . Sym. #1 in C minor Op.68 (1855-76) . . . A German Requiem [cantata/oratorio for 2 solo vv, chorus & orch.] (1857-68) . . . Serenade #1 in D [orch.] Op.11 (1857-8) . . . Serenade #2 in A [small orch.] Op.16 (1858-9, r1875) . . . 25 Variations & Fugue on a Theme by Handel in B flat [pf] Op.24 (1861) . . . Piano Quartet #1 in G minor Op.25 (1861) . . . Piano Quintet in F minor Op.34 (1861-4) . . . 28 Variations on a Theme by Paganini [pf] Op.35 (1862-3) . . . Sonata for Cello & Piano #1 in E minor Op.38 (1862-5) . . . String Sextet #2 in G [2 vlns, 2 va & 2 vc] Op.36 (1864-5) . . . Trio for Horn, Violin & Piano in E flat Op.40 (1865) . . . String Quartet #1 in C minor Op.51 no.1 (1865?-73) . . . Schicksalslied [secular poem setting for chorus & orch.] Op.54 (1868-71) . . . Alto Rhapsody [secular poem setting for solo v, chorus & orch.] Op.53 (1869) . . . 3 Hungarian Dances [orch. arr.] (1873) . . . Variations on a Theme by Haydn in B flat [orch. arr.] Op.56a (1873; also in 2 pf arr. as Op.56b) . . . Sym. #2 in D Op.73 (1877) . . . Violin Conc. in D Op.77 (1878) . . . Piano Conc. #2 in B flat Op.83 (1878-81) . . . 3 sonatas for violin & piano Opp. 78/100/108 (1878-9/1886/1886-8) . . . 2 Rhapsodies for Piano in B minor/G minor Op.79 (1879) . . . Academic Festival Over. in C minor [concert over.] Op.80 (1880) . . . Tragic Over. in D minor [concert over.] Op.81 (1880, r1881) . . . Gesang der Parzen [Goethe text setting for 6-part chorus & orch.] Op.89 (1882) . . . Sym. #3 in F Op.90 (1883) . . . Sym. #4 in E minor Op.98 (1884-5) . . . Piano Trio #3 in C minor Op.101 (1886) . . . Conc. for Violin, Cello & Orch. in A minor Op.102 (1887) . . . Quintet for Clarinet & Strings in B minor Op.115 (1891) . . . Trio for Clarinet, Cello & Piano in A minor Op.114 (1891) . . . 20 piano miniatures Opp. 116-9 (1892) . . . Sonata for Clarinet & Piano in F minor Op.120 no.1 (1894) 
Musical Influences:  --JS Bach; -BEETHOVEN; ---Buxtehude; Chopin; ---F Couperin; --Handel; -J Haydn; Mendelssohn; --Mozart; Paganini?; --D Scarlatti; -Schubert; C Schumann; R SCHUMANN; ---Schütz; Spohr; -Viotti; folksong; gypsy music
Has Influenced:  Alfvén; +Barber; Bartók; Beach; Berg; Bridge; Bruch; Busoni; Butterworth?; Chadwick; Chaminade?; Chausson; +Chávez; Clarke; Coleridge-Taylor; DOHNÁNYI; Dvorák; Elgar; Enescu; Fibich; Foote; Glazunov; -Goldmark?; Griffes; Hindemith; Howells?; Humperdinck?; Ireland; Ives; ++Kagel?; Karg-Elert; Kodály; +Kokkonen; Mahler; Medtner; Nielsen; Novák?; PARRY; Pfitzner; REGER; -Reinecke; Rheinberger; Rochberg; Rubbra; [F Schmidt]; Schoenberg; Schreker; -C Schumann; +Shostakovich?; Sinding; STANFORD; Stenhammar; R Strauss; Suk; Szymanowski; Taneyev?; Toch; Webern; Wolf-Ferrari; Zemlinsky
Most Similar Composers:  Dvorák .49; R Schumann .42; Bruch .41; Liszt .40; Fauré .39; Mendelssohn .39; Elgar .38; R Schumann .35; Grieg .34; Franck .34; Mahler .34; Goldmark .33; Rheinberger .33; Beethoven .33; Franz .32    (17)

Bridge, Frank (1879-1941) British
Style/Period:  Late (post-Brahmsian) Romantic to c1918; Impressionist/Expressionist thereafter
Genre Profile:  012---1100---2222---220---11---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  chamber music---orchestral pcs---string instr(s). (chamber combs., w/orch., orchestral)
Notable Works:  . . . Suite for String Orch. (1908) . . . The Sea [suite for large orch.] (1910-1) . . . Sonata for Cello & Piano in D minor (1913-7) . . . Piano Trio #2 (1929) 
Musical Influences:  +Bartók; +Berg; Brahms; --Chopin; Debussy; Delius; Fauré; Ireland?; Ravel; Schoenberg; Scriabin; Stanford
Has Influenced:  BRITTEN; Clarke; Ireland?; -Vierne?
Most Similar Composers:  Schmitt .47; Schulhoff .44; Karg-Elert .38; Loeffler .38; Gerhard .37; Mompou .37; Casella .36; Enescu .35; Foote .35; Dutilleux .34; Dohnányi .33; Jolivet .32; Ireland .32; Griffes .31; Revueltas .30    (13)

26. Britten, Benjamin (1913-76) British
Style/Period:  Neoclassical
Genre Profile:  222---2201---1212---213---23---230
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  operas---orchestral pcs---vocal- & choral-orchestral music---songs---cello (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)---works for solo player---music for children & amateurs
Notable Works:  . . . secular songs & song cycles [solo v & pf/orch./other accompaniment] (1929-75) . . . Simple Symphony [string orch.] Op.4 (1933-4) . . . Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge [string orch.] Op.10 (1937) . . . 3 string quartets Opp. 25/36/94 (1941/1945/1975) . . . A Ceremony of Carols [sacred text for treble chorus & harp] Op.28 (1942) . . . Serenade for Tenor, Horn & Strings [songs] Op.31 (1943) . . . Peter Grimes [opera] Op.33 (1944-5) . . . Four Sea Interludes from (the opera) Peter Grimes [orch.] Op.33a (1944-5) . . . The Young Person's Guide to the Orch. [orch.] Op.34 (1946) . . . Spring Symphony [secular cantata for 3 solo vv, choruses & orch.] Op.44 (1949) . . . Billy Budd [opera] Op.50 (1951) . . . Six Metamorphoses after Ovid [oboe] Op.49 (1951) . . . The Turn of the Screw [chamber opera] Op.54 (1954) . . . A Midsummer Night's Dream [opera] Op.64 (1960) . . . War Requiem [sacred & secular texts for 3 solo vv, choruses & orchs.] Op.66 (1961) . . . Cello Symphony [vc & orch.] Op.68 (1963) . . . Nocturnal after John Dowland [guitar] Op.70 (1963) . . . 3 cello suites Opp. 72/80/87 (1964/1967/1972) 
Musical Influences:  Bartók; --Beethoven; Berg; BRIDGE; Copland; Debussy?; ---Dowland; Holst; Ireland; -Mahler; [C McPhee]; Prokofiev?; ---Purcell; Ravel; Schoenberg; --Schubert; Shostakovich; Stravinsky; -Tchaikovsky?; -Verdi; Walton; gamelan music
Has Influenced:  Argento; Bennett; -Berkeley; Corigliano?; Musgrave; Pinkham?; Rutter; -Shostakovich
Most Similar Composers:  Barber .36; Tippett .34; Rubbra .29; Ginastera .29; Lutoslawski .27; Vaughan Williams .27; Bloch .27; Crumb .26; Schnittke .26; Boulez .26; Bliss .26; Poulenc .26; Szymanowski .26; Zwilich .25; Dutilleux .25    (7)

Brouwer, Leo (1939-) Cuban
Style/Period:  Nationalist to c1964; highly eclectic thereafter (at first Avant-garde, more recently Neoromantic/Impressionist)
Best Known For:  guitar (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)
Notable Works:  . . . Elogio de la Danza [guitar] (1964) . . . El Decamerón [guitar] (1981) . . . Canción de Cuna 'Berceuse' [guitar] (d?) 
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Glass?; Lutoslawski; Messiaen; Penderecki; Shostakovich; Stockhausen; Stravinsky; Xenakis?; folk music; African & Cuban music
Most Similar Composers:  Lauro .39; Ponce .32; Ginastera .32; Revueltas .31; Takemitsu .29; Villa-Lobos .28; Górecki .28; Moreno Torróba .27; Barrios .26; Andriessen .25; Penderecki .24; Piazzolla .24; Kurtág .22; Boulez .22; Xenakis .22    (7)

Bruch, Max (1838-1920) German; Berlin-based after 1891
Style/Period:  Middle German Romantic
Genre Profile:  201---0302---2121---101---01---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  violin (w/orch.)---cello (w/orch.)---choral-orchestral music
Notable Works:  . . . Violin Conc. #1 in G minor Op.26 (1866) . . . Kol Nidrei [variations for vc & orch.] Op.47 (1880) . . . Scottish Fantasy [vln & orch.] Op.46 (1880) . . . 8 Pieces [cl, va (or vc) & pf] Op.83 (p1910) 
Musical Influences:  Brahms; [F Hiller]; [J Joachim]; Mendelssohn; +Sarasate; -Schubert; R Schumann; Spohr?; folk music
Has Influenced:  Respighi
Most Similar Composers:  Goldmark .43; Brahms .41; Franz .35; Lalo .33; Dohnányi .30; Rheinberger .29; Dvorák .29; Reger .28; C Schumann .28; Parry .28; Saint-Saëns .27; Gade .27; R Schumann .27; Zemlinsky .26; R Strauss .26    (4)

47. Bruckner, Anton (1824-96) Austrian; Vienna-based from 1868
Style/Period:  Middle German Romantic
Genre Profile:  301---0000---2111---110---00---310
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  syms.---masses---sacred motets
Notable Works:  . . . Ave Maria in F [7 vv] (1861) . . . Mass #2 in E minor [chorus, woodwinds & brass] (1866, r1876 & 1882) . . . Mass #3 in F minor [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] (1867-8, r1876 & 1881) . . . Locus iste in C [choral gradual] (1869) . . . Sym. #3 in D minor (1873-7, r1888-9) . . . Sym. #4 in E flat 'Romantic' (1874, 1878-80, r1886) . . . Sym. #5 in B flat (1875-6) . . . String Quintet in F (1879) . . . Sym. #7 in E (1881-3) . . . Te Deum in C [4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] (1881-4) . . . Sym. #8 in C minor (1884-7, 1889-90) . . . Sym. #9 in D minor (1891-6) 
Musical Influences:  --JS Bach; BEETHOVEN; Berlioz?; ---Caldara?; ---G Gabrieli?; -J Haydn; -M Haydn; Liszt; Mendelssohn; --Mozart; ---Palestrina; Schubert; WAGNER; Renaissance polyphony; Gregorian chant
Has Influenced:  +Badings; +KA Hartmann; Kreisler?; Mahler; ++Penderecki; [F Schmidt]; Schoenberg; +Shostakovich?; Sibelius; Stenhammar; R Strauss?; Wolf
Most Similar Composers:  Rheinberger .49; Parry .46; Gounod .42; Mahler .38; Raff .38; Berwald .38; Svendsen .37; Verdi .36; Indy .35; Dvorák .34; Gade .34; Elgar .34; Liszt .34; Franck .34; Goldmark .33    (10)

Bruhns, Nicolaus (1665-97) German; North Germany-based
Style/Period:  Middle German Baroque
Best Known For:  solo organ---sacred cantatas
Notable Works:  . . . Prelude & Fugue in E minor #1 [org] (d?) . . . Prelude & Fugue in E minor #2 [org] (d?) 
Musical Influences:  BUXTEHUDE; -[H Scheidemann]; Schütz; --Sweelinck
Has Influenced:  JS Bach
Most Similar Composers:  Buxtehude .50; Böhm .50; Scheidt .45; Schein .37; Pachelbel .37; JS Bach .32; Carissimi .30; Krebs .28; Telemann .27; Marcello .24; Lotti .23; Clérambault .22; Hassler .20; G Gabrieli .20; Biber .20    (9)

Bull, John (c1562-1628) British; South Netherlands-based from 1613
Style/Period:  Late English Renaissance
Best Known For:  solo keyboard
Musical Influences:  Byrd; +[P Cornet]?; Philips?; Sweelinck?; Tallis
Has Influenced:  Gibbons; +++Nyman; -Philips; Scheidt; Sweelinck; Tomkins
Most Similar Composers:  Tomkins .54; Gibbons .45; Morley .33; Sweelinck .32; Scheidt .29; Philips .28; Byrd .28; Weelkes .25; Tallis .23; Purcell .20; Dowland .19; Holborne .18; Martini .16; Soler .15; Bruhns .15    (9)

101. Busoni, Ferruccio (1866-1924) Italian-German
Style/Period:  Late Romantic (w/German Neoclassical elements)
Genre Profile:  022---2110---1212---210---02---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  piano (solo, w/orch., piano arrs. of J.S. Bach & other composers' works)---operas---chamber music
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Conc. in C [w/male chorus] Op.39 (1903-4) . . . Doktor Faust [opera] (1916-24) . . . Turandot [opera] (1917) . . . Sonatina #6 'Fantasia da Camera sur Carmen' [pf] (1920) 
Musical Influences:  ---JS BACH; --Beethoven?; Berlioz; Bizet?; Brahms; -Chopin?; LISZT; Mahler?; --Mozart; Rossini?; Rubinstein; Verdi
Has Influenced:  Casella; Dallapiccola; Grainger; +Gubaidulina; [A Hába]; Hindemith?; Krenek; LUENING; Malipiero?; Scelsi?; Schoenberg?; -Sibelius; Skalkottas; Toch?; Varèse; Weill; Wolpe
Most Similar Composers:  Moszkowski .41; Paderewski .41; Reger .39; Dohnányi .39; Balakirev .36; Tárrega .34; Raff .33; Nielsen .33; Saint-Saëns .33; Franck .33; Rheinberger .32; MacDowell .32; Medtner .32; C Schumann .32; Fauré .31    (12)

Butterworth, George (1885-1916) British
Style/Period:  English Nationalist
Best Known For:  songs & song cycles---orchestral pcs
Notable Works:  . . . A Shropshire Lad [song cycle for solo v & pf] (1911) . . . A Shropshire Lad [rhapsody for orch.] (1912) . . . The Banks of Green Willow [idyll for orch.] (1913) 
Musical Influences:  Brahms?; --R Schumann?; Stanford?; Vaughan Williams; ENGLISH FOLKSONG
Has Influenced:  -Vaughan Williams?
Most Similar Composers:  Clarke .45; Grainger .44; Canteloube .31; Stanford .29; Novák .29; Warlock .28; Finzi .27; Delius .27; Pfitzner .27; Moeran .27; Vaughan Williams .25; Howells .25; Mahler .25; Holst .25; Medtner .25    (10)

100. Buxtehude, Dieterich (c1637-1707) Danish-German; Lubeck-based from 1668
Style/Period:  Middle German Baroque
Genre Profile:  [not used]
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  solo organ---sacred cantatas & choral music---trio sonatas
Notable Works:  . . . Chaconne in E minor [org] Bx160 (before 1700) . . . In dulci jubilo in G [chorale prelude for org] Bx197 (before 1700) . . . Passacaglia in D minor [org] Bx161 (before 1700) . . . Prelude & Fugue in D [org] Bx139 (before 1700) . . . sacred cantatas [v or vv & 2 to 8 or 9 instrs.] (before 1700) 
Musical Influences:  Carissimi; Frescobaldi; Froberger; Lully?; Monteverdi; [H Scheidemann]; Scheidt; Schütz; -Sweelinck; [M Weckmann]; French & Italian music
Has Influenced:  JS BACH; Biber?; Böhm; +++Brahms; BRUHNS; Handel; Pachelbel?; Telemann?
Most Similar Composers:  Bruhns .50; Scheidt .48; Böhm .44; JS Bach .43; Blow .40; Pachelbel .38; Biber .36; Purcell .33; Zelenka .29; Telemann .27; Muffat .27; Carissimi .26; L Couperin .26; Schein .26; Schütz .26    (17)

71. Byrd, William (c1540-1623) British; Essex-based from 1593
Style/Period:  Late English Renaissance
Genre Profile:  [not used]
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  masses---solo keyboard---sacred motets---anthems---sacred & secular songs---consort music---madrigals
Notable Works:  . . . Mass for Four Voices [unacc. vv] (c1592-3) . . . Mass for Five Voices [unacc. vv] (c1595) . . . Great Service in F [2 choruses of 5 vv each] (before 1600) . . . Pavane & Galliard in A minor #2 'Earl of Salisbury' [keyb] (before 1600) . . . secular (consort) songs [3-6 vv, some acc. by viols] (before 1600) . . . Ave verum corpus [sacred motet for 4 vv] (p1605) . . . In dulci jubilo in G [chorale prelude for org] (d?) 
Musical Influences:  Cabezón; Clemens; [A Ferrabosco I]; Lasso; TALLIS; Taverner; [C Tye]
Has Influenced:  Bull; GIBBONS; MORLEY; Philips; ++Purcell; Sweelinck; TOMKINS; Weelkes
Most Similar Composers:  Tallis .54; Sheppard .49; Taverner .38; Hassler .38; Gibbons .38; Sweelinck .37; Rore .32; Guerrero .32; Philips .32; G Gabrieli .31; Böhm .30; Tomkins .30; Lasso .30; Monteverdi .29; Weelkes .29    (26)

Cabezón, Antonio de (1510-66) Spanish
Style/Period:  Middle Spanish Renaissance
Best Known For:  solo organ
Notable Work:   . . . Pavana con su glosa [org] (p1578)
Musical Influences:  Josquin; Gregorian chant; Spanish popular song
Has Influenced:  Byrd; Sweelinck; -Tallis
Most Similar Composers:  Morales .46; Milán .40; Gombert .28; Taverner .27; Isaac .25; La Rue .24; Pérotin .23; Palestrina .20; Harris .19; Byrd .18; Holborne .18; Satie .16; Machaut .16; Hildegard .16; Allegri .16    (4)

Caccini, Giulio (1551-1618) Italian; Florence- & Rome-based
Style/Period:  Early Italian Baroque
Best Known For:  songs---madrigals---operas
Notable Work:   . . . Amarilli Mia Bella [song] (p1602)
Musical Influences:  [V Galilei]
Has Influenced:  Campion; Dowland; Frescobaldi; Monteverdi?
Most Similar Composers:  Legrenzi .40; A Scarlatti .39; Caldara .36; Frescobaldi .33; Allegri .33; Carissimi .33; Stradella .32; Monteverdi .31; Bononcini .30; Marenzio .30; Cavalli .28; Corelli .27; Lotti .25; Jommelli .23; Albinoni .22    (14)

59. Cage, John (1912-92) American; mainly California- & New York-based
Style/Period:  American Avant-garde (New York school)
Genre Profile:  011---2001---2222---212---11---02x
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  aleatory music---works accenting use of time, space and silence---solo piano, espec. prepared piano---chamber music---magnetic tape-based pcs---percussion (chamber combs.)---solo voice
Notable Works:  . . . Third Construction [perc quartet] (1941) . . . Amores [2 prepared pf & 2 perc trios] (1943) . . . Sonatas & Interludes [prepared pf] (1946-8) . . . Conc. for Prepared Piano & Chamber Orch. (1951) . . . Atlas Eclipticalis [any combination of up to 86 instrs.] (1961-2) . . . Five [5 vv or 5 instrs.] (1988) 
Musical Influences:  +Boulez; Cowell; Debussy; +Feldman; +Harrison; Ives; Nancarrow?; Satie; SCHOENBERG; Varèse; Webern; +Wolff; Wolpe; MUSIC OF INDIA; chance events; silence
Has Influenced:  Adams; [JL Adams]; Andriessen; Birtwistle; Boulez; [E Brown]; Crumb; FELDMAN; Glass; Harrison; Kagel; Ligeti?; Lutoslawski; Nancarrow; Nyman; Oliveros; Penderecki; Reich?; Riley; Schafer; Stockhausen; Takemitsu; Tan; Wolff; [La Young]
Most Similar Composers:  Feldman .52; Wolff .51; Babbitt .39; Stockhausen .36; Riegger .35; Carter .33; Riley .33; Crumb .32; Boulez .32; Xenakis .29; Davidovsky .29; Kraft .28; Wuorinen .28; Oliveros .26; Wolpe .26    (12)

Caldara, Antonio (1670/1 - 1736) Italian; until 1716 Venice- & Rome-based; thereafter in Vienna
Style/Period:  Late Italian Baroque
Best Known For:  cantatas---oratorios---arias
Musical Influences:  Corelli; Fux; Legrenzi; [B Pasquini]; A Scarlatti
Has Influenced:  +++Bruckner?; Handel?; J Haydn; Telemann; Zelenka
Most Similar Composers:  A Scarlatti .50; Carissimi .49; Stradella .48; Lotti .47; Bononcini .45; D Scarlatti .42; Marcello .39; Caccini .36; Torelli .31; Legrenzi .30; Geminiani .29; Vivaldi .28; Locatelli .26; Galuppi .26; Albinoni .24    (15)

Campion, Thomas (1567-1620) British
Style/Period:  Late English Renaissance
Best Known For:  lute songs (ayres)---masques
Notable Works:  . . . five books of ayres (publ. 1601-17)
Musical Influences:  Caccini; Dowland; French & Italian music
Most Similar Composers:  Dowland .58; Morley .45; Holborne .44; Blow .29; Arne .26; Schmelzer .24; Lasso .21; Weelkes .20; Muffat .20; Lawes .19; Boyce .19; Biber .17; Flotow .17; Weiss .17; Milán .16    (8)

Canteloube de Malaret, (Marie-)Joseph (1879-1957) French
Style/Period:  French Nationalist
Best Known For:  songs
Notable Work:  . . . Chants d'Auvergne [4 vol. song collection for solo v & orch./pf] (1923-30) 
Musical Influences:  Chausson; Debussy; INDY; Ravel; FOLKSONG
Most Similar Composers:  Albéniz .35; Turina .35; Guarnieri .32; Villa-Lobos .31; Butterworth .31; Griffes .31; Vaughan Williams .29; Barber .28; Carpenter .28; Rorem .27; Grainger .27; Falla .27; Szymanowski .27; Revueltas .26; Mompou .26    (12)

Carissimi, Giacomo (1605-74) Italian; Rome-based
Style/Period:  Middle Italian Baroque
Best Known For:  sacred oratorios & cantatas
Musical Influences:  -[E Cavalieri]?; [A Grandi]?; Monteverdi; [L Rossi]
Has Influenced:  Blow?; Buxtehude; [A Cesti]; M-A CHARPENTIER; F Couperin; +Handel; Lully; +++Pinkham; Purcell; A SCARLATTI; -Schütz; Stradella; +Zelenka
Most Similar Composers:  Lotti .64; A Scarlatti .59; Marcello .54; Allegri .50; Caldara .49; Bononcini .46; Legrenzi .40; D Scarlatti .38; Frescobaldi .33; Caccini .33; Stradella .32; Bruhns .30; Schein .30; Cavalli .28; Corelli .27    (19)

Carpenter, John Alden (1876-1951) American; Chicago-based
Style/Period:  Impressionist (American Vernacularist)
Best Known For:  orchestral pcs---songs
Notable Works:  . . . Adventures in a Perambulator [suite for orch.] (1915) . . . Krazy Kat ["jazz pantomime" for orch.] (1921, r1940) 
Musical Influences:  Debussy; Elgar; Ravel; +Stravinsky; JAZZ; RAGTIME; POPULAR SONG
Most Similar Composers:  Grofé .45; Roussel .44; Bliss .43; Mompou .43; Ireland .38; Bowles .37; Griffes .37; Kraft .35; Gershwin .35; Koechlin .34; Schuller .34; Auric .34; Gould .34; Larsen .33; Blacher .32    (25)

110. Carter, Elliott (1908-2012) American; Greenwich Village-based from 1945
Style/Period:  French Neoclassical to c1950; Serial (Expressionist) thereafter
Genre Profile:  112---2122---2212---202---21---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  concs.---string quartets---sonatas
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Sonata (1945-6, r1982) . . . The Minotaur [ballet] (1947) . . . String Quartet #1 (1950-1) . . . Variations [orch.] (1954-5) . . . String Quartet #2 (1959) . . . Double Conc. [pf, hpschd & 2 chamber orchs.] (1961) . . . Piano Conc. (1964-5) . . . String Quartet #3 (1971) 
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Berg?; Copland; Cowell; Crawford; Debussy; Harris?; Hindemith; Ives; +Nancarrow; Piston; Ruggles; Schoenberg; Stravinsky; Varèse; Wolpe; Medieval, Renaissance & Baroque music
Has Influenced:  Wuorinen; Zwilich
Most Similar Composers:  Gerhard .44; Babbitt .38; Ginastera .35; Crumb .35; Druckman .35; Blacher .35; Wolpe .34; Krenek .34; Cage .33; Crawford .32; Petrassi .31; Ligeti .29; Walker .29; Rochberg .29; Zwilich .28    (12)

Carulli, Ferdinando (1770-1841) Italian; Paris-based from 1808
Style/Period:  Post-Classical
Best Known For:  guitar (solo, chamber combs., w/orch., w/voice)
Notable Work:  . . . Duo in G [2 guitars] Op.34 no.2 (d?)
Musical Influences:  Beethoven; J Haydn; Mozart; +Rossini; cello & violin music
Most Similar Composers:  Giuliani .61; Sor .58; Mayr .55; Méhul .53; Spontini .47; Reicha .45; Paganini .42; Viotti .42; Boieldieu .42; Clementi .40; Field .40; Krommer .40; Bizet .36; Dussek .35; Auber .33    (19)

Casella, Alfredo (1883-1947) Italian; Paris-based 1896-1915, thereafter mainly Rome-based
Style/Period:  Impressionist to c1920; Neoclassical thereafter
Best Known For:  chamber music---concs.---orchestral pcs---piano (solo, 2 players)
Notable Work:  . . . Paganiniana [orch.] Op.65 (1942)
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Busoni; Debussy; Fauré; Mahler; Malipiero?; Ravel; Satie; Schoenberg; R Strauss; Stravinsky; ---Vivaldi; Italian Baroque music; Russian music
Has Influenced:  Dallapiccola; -Malipiero; PETRASSI
Most Similar Composers:  Malipiero .47; Mompou .43; Jongen .42; Dutilleux .40; Ibert .39; Gerhard .37; Schmitt .37; Petrassi .37; Griffes .37; Revueltas .37; Bridge .36; Wolpe .36; Luening .35; Walker .35; Blacher .35    (32)

Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Mario (1895-1968) Italian-American; California-based after 1940
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Genre Profile:  011---1221---2112---212---11---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  guitar (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)---solo piano---songs---film scores---Shakespeare overs.
Notable Works:  . . . 33 Shakespeare Songs [solo v & pf] Op.24 (1921-5) . . . Capriccio Diabalico 'Omaggi a Paganini' [guitar] Op.85 (1935) . . . Guitar Conc. in D Op.99 (1939) 
Musical Influences:  Debussy; Pizzetti; Ravel; Respighi?; R Strauss?; Baroque & Classical music
Has Influenced:  [H Mancini]; [A Previn]; [J Williams]
Most Similar Composers:  Rodrigo .41; Ponce .36; Villa-Lobos .32; Moreno Torróba .31; Griffes .30; Mompou .28; Turina .27; Barber .26; Casella .26; Respighi .26; Ireland .26; Montsalvatge .24; Diamond .24; Honegger .24; Jongen .23    (7)

Cavalli, (Pietro [Pier]) Francesco (1602-76) Italian; Venice-based
Style/Period:  Early Italian Baroque (Venetian school)
Best Known For:  operas---vocal church music
Musical Influences:  G Gabrieli; +Lully?; MONTEVERDI; -Palestrina
Has Influenced:  Bononcini; +Handel?; Lully; Purcell; +Rameau; A Scarlatti
Most Similar Composers:  Monteverdi .54; Legrenzi .53; Lotti .44; A Scarlatti .33; G Gabrieli .29; Hassler .29; Fux .29; Albinoni .29; Carissimi .28; Allegri .28; Caccini .28; Stradella .27; Bononcini .26; Praetorius .24; Marcello .23    (13)

Chabrier, Emmanuel (1841-94) French; mainly Paris-based from 1856
Style/Period:  Late French Romantic
Genre Profile:  023---0010---0001---200---12---020
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known For:  orchestral pcs---operas---solo piano---songs
Notable Works:  . . . 10 Pièces Pittoresques [pf] (1881) . . . España [rhapsody for orch.] (1883) . . . Gwendoline [opera] (1885) . . . Le Roi Malgré Lui [opera] (1887) . . . Joyeuse Marche [orch.] (1888) . . . Bourrée Fantasque [pf] (1891) 
Musical Influences:  Bizet; Chopin; Franck?; Gounod; Liszt?; R Schumann; WAGNER; Spanish music
Has Influenced:  +Auric; Boulanger?; Chausson?; Cilea?; Debussy; +Françaix; Ibert; Koechlin; +Lambert?; Milhaud?; +Poulenc; RAVEL; SATIE; Schmitt?
Most Similar Composers:  Duparc .54; Chaminade .51; Lalo .51; Massenet .46; Guilmant .46; G Charpentier .45; Moszkowski .42; Delibes .42; Raff .40; Rubinstein .39; Gottschalk .36; Bizet .36; Saint-Saëns .36; Cui .35; Lyadov .35    (20)

Chadwick, George Whitefield (1854-1931) American; Boston-based from 1880
Style/Period:  Late Romantic (New England school)
Best Known For:  orchestral music (syms., concs., symphonic poems, etc.)
Notable Work:  . . . Melpomene [concert over. for orch.] (1887)
Musical Influences:  --Beethoven; Brahms; Dvorák; -Mendelssohn; +Puccini?; Reinecke?; Rheinberger; R Schumann?; +R Strauss; Wagner; Impressionists
Has Influenced:  Ives; [H Parker]; Still?
Most Similar Composers:  Foote .55; Fibich .47; Stenhammar .45; Novák .44; Parry .44; Alfvén .44; Stanford .39; Gade .36; Goldmark .35; Reinecke .35; Elgar .35; Beach .34; Wolf-Ferrari .33; Dohnányi .33; Svendsen .32    (13)

Chaminade, Cécile (Louise Stéphanie) (1857-1944) French
Style/Period:  Late French Romantic
Best Known For:  piano (solo, chamber combs.)---songs
Notable Works:  . . . Concertino for Flute and Orchestra Op.107 (1902) . . . Sérénade Espagnole in G [pf or vln & pf] Op.150 (1925)
Musical Influences:  Brahms?; -Chopin; Gounod; Liszt; Saint-Saëns; -R Schumann; Wagner
Most Similar Composers:  Beach .55; Chabrier .51; Sinding .51; Duparc .44; Fauré .40; Cui .40; Granados .39; Stenhammar .39; Dohnányi .39; Raff .39; Guilmant .38; Medtner .38; C Schumann .37; Wolf .36; Reger .36    (21)

Charpentier, Gustave (1860-1956) French; mainly Paris-based from c1881
Style/Period:  Late French Romantic (verismo)
Best Known Work:  . . . Louise [opera] (1900)
Musical Influences:  Berlioz; Gounod; Massenet; Wagner; Italian verismo opera
Most Similar Composers:  Thomas .50; Leoncavallo .48; Delibes .48; Massenet .48; Chabrier .45; Lalo .43; Duparc .42; Puccini .40; Giordano .37; Bizet .36; Halévy .35; Saint-Saëns .33; Auber .33; Adam .33; Indy .31    (20)

Charpentier, Marc-Antoine (1643-1704) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Middle French Baroque
Genre Profile:  [not used]
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  sacred vocal music (masses, motets, oratorios, psalm settings)---stage works
Notable Works:  . . . Te Deum [8/4 solo vv, chorus & orch.] H146 (1692?) . . . Medée [opera] H491 (1693) 
Musical Influences:  CARISSIMI; ---Josquin?; +Lalande?; --Lasso; Lully; [B Pasquini]?; [L Rossi]; Stradella?; Italian music
Has Influenced:  Clérambault?; F Couperin; Lalande
Most Similar Composers:  Lalande .46; F Couperin .40; A Scarlatti .39; Schütz .38; Lully .37; Marais .34; Rameau .33; Clemens .32; Lotti .29; Isaac .29; Willaert .29; Clérambault .27; Purcell .27; Janequin .26; Morales .26    (11)

Chausson, Ernest (1855-99) French; mainly Paris-based
Style/Period:  Late (post-Wagnerian) French Romantic
Genre Profile:  212---0200---2222---100---02---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known Work:  . . . songs [solo v & pf] (1878-98) . . . Sym. in B flat Op.20 (1889-90) . . . Concert for Violin, Piano & String Quartet in D Op.21 (1889-91) . . . Poème [vln & orch.] Op.25 (1896) 
Musical Influences:  --Beethoven; Brahms; Chabrier?; ---F Couperin; +Debussy; Duparc; Fauré; FRANCK; Liszt?; Massenet; Mussorgsky?; --Rameau; WAGNER
Has Influenced:  Canteloube; Debussy; -Duparc
Most Similar Composers:  Enescu .46; Duparc .46; Indy .38; Dukas .33; Debussy .33; Ravel .33; Guilmant .33; Chabrier .33; Chaminade .32; Lalo .32; Tournemire .32; Vierne .31; Boulanger .31; G Charpentier .31; Saint-Saëns .30    (15)

Chávez (y Ramírez), Carlos (1899-1978) Mexican; mainly Mexico City-based
Style/Period:  Mexican Nationalist/Neoclassical
Best Known For:  syms.
Notable Works:  . . . Sym. #1 'Sinfonía de Antígona' (1933) . . . Sym. #2 'Sinfonía India' (1935-6) 
Musical Influences:  --Beethoven; -Brahms; --Chopin; Debussy; Ponce; Ravel; Schoenberg?; --R Schumann; Stravinsky; Varèse?; Mexican Native American music
Has Influenced:  Copland?
Most Similar Composers:  Revueltas .57; Gerhard .38; Barrios .37; Ponce .36; Griffes .36; Szymanowski .34; Walker .33; Lauro .33; Sessions .32; Lutoslawski .31; Guarnieri .31; Adams .30; Kraft .29; Wuorinen .29; Rihm .29    (13)

Cherubini, Luigi (1760-1842) Italian-French; Paris-based from 1786
Style/Period:  Post-Classical
Genre Profile:  222---0010---2200---110---13---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  operas & opera overs.---masses---chamber music
Notable Works:  . . . Medée [opera] (1797) . . . Les Deux Journées [opera] (1800) . . . Over. to (the opera-ballet) Anacréon [orch.] (1803) . . . Requiem Mass #1 in C minor [4 vv & orch.] (1816) . . . Requiem Mass #2 in D minor [3 vv & orch.] (1836) 
Musical Influences:  GLUCK; Grétry; J Haydn; Jommelli; +Méhul; Mozart; ---Palestrina; Piccinni; [A Sacchini]
Has Influenced:  Alkan?; Auber; Beethoven; Berlioz; Boieldieu; Donizetti; HALÉVY; Hummel; Kuhlau; Méhul; Mendelssohn; Reicha; Schubert; C Schumann; Spohr; Spontini; -Viotti; Wagner; Weber
Most Similar Composers:  Méhul .56; Reicha .54; Boieldieu .49; Spontini .46; Mayr .44; Viotti .42; Salieri .37; Berlioz .32; Carulli .32; Weber .32; Grétry .31; Rossini .31; Paisiello .31; Piccinni .31; Gounod .30    (20)

10. Chopin, Fryderyk (1810-49) Polish-French; mainly Paris-based from 1831
Style/Period:  Early French Romantic (Paris virtuoso school) w/Polish Nationalist elements
Genre Profile:  000---3000---0012---300---00---020
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  piano (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)
Notable Works:  . . . over 60 mazurkas [pf] (1820-49) . . . 19 waltzes [pf] (1827-48) . . . Piano Conc. #2 in F minor Op.21 (1829-30) . . . 12 Etudes [pf] Op.10 (1829-32) . . . Piano Conc. #1 in E minor Op.11 (1830) . . . Nocturne #2 in E flat [pf] Op.9 no.2 (1830-1) . . . Andante Spianato in G & Grande Polonaise in E flat [pf & orch.] Op.22 (1830-1, 1834) . . . Ballade #1 in G minor [pf] Op.23 (1831-5) . . . 12 Etudes [pf] Op.25 (1832-6) . . . Nocturne #8 in D flat [pf] Op.27 no.2 (1835) . . . 24 Preludes [pf] Op.28 (1836-9) . . . Polonaise #3 in A 'Military' [pf] Op.40 no.1 (1838) . . . Piano Sonata #2 in B flat minor Op.35 (1839) . . . Ballade #3 in A flat [pf] Op.47 (1840-1) . . . Fantasie in F minor [pf] Op.49 no.1 (1841) . . . Ballade #4 in F minor [pf] Op.52 (1842) . . . Polonaise #6 in A flat 'Heroique' [pf] Op.53 (1842) . . . Nocturne #16 in E flat [pf] Op.55 no.2 (1843) . . . Piano Sonata #3 in B minor Op.58 (1844) . . . Barcarolle in F sharp [pf] Op.60 (1845-6) . . . Sonata for Cello & Piano in G minor Op.65 (1845-6) 
Musical Influences:  --JS Bach; Beethoven; Bellini; Berlioz?; Clementi; Donizetti; Dussek; Field; Hummel; Meyerbeer?; -Mozart; Paganini; Rossini; --D Scarlatti; Spohr; Weber; folk & dance music
Has Influenced:  +Albéniz; ALKAN; +Arensky; Balakirev; ++Barrios; +Beach; ++Berkeley; Bizet; ++Bolcom; Borodin; Bottesini; Brahms; ++Bridge; +Busoni?; Chabrier; +Chaminade; ++Chávez; ++Creston; ++Crumb; Cui; +Debussy; +Delius; ++Dohnányi; Duparc?; Dvorák; ++Falla; Fauré; +Foote; Franck; Gade?; +Glazunov; ++Glière; -Glinka; ++Górecki?; Gottschalk; +Granados; Grieg; ++Guarnieri; Guilmant?; [F Hiller]; +Koechlin; Liszt; ++Luening?; ++Lutoslawski; +Lyadov; +Mahler; ++Medtner; ++Mompou; +Moszkowski; +[E Nazareth]; +Paderewski; ++Ponce; ++Poulenc; +Rachmaninov; Raff; ++Ravel; +Reger; Rheinberger?; Rimsky-Korsakov; -Rossini?; Rubinstein; Saint-Saëns; +Schmitt; ++Schulhoff?; C Schumann; R Schumann; +SCRIABIN; Smetana; +Stanford; ++Stravinsky?; ++Szymanowski; ++Tansman; +Tárrega; Tchaikovsky; Wagner; Wieniawski; +Wolf?
Most Similar Composers:  Alkan .46; Liszt .42; Field .39; Czerny .38; R Schumann .37; Wagner .32; Berwald .32; Glinka .31; Meyerbeer .29; Nicolai .29; Thomas .29; Busoni .29; Franck .28; Mendelssohn-Hensel .28; Mendelssohn .27    (9)

Cilea, Francesco (1866-1950) Italian
Style/Period:  Late Italian Romantic (verismo)
Best Known For:  operas
Notable Works:  . . . Adriana Lecouvreur [opera] (1902) . . . L'Arlesiana [opera] (1903), incl. 'Lamento di Federico' [aria]
Musical Influences:  --Bellini; Chabrier?; Debussy; Massenet; PUCCINI; Verdi
Most Similar Composers:  Giordano .58; Mascagni .45; Leoncavallo .45; Puccini .45; Boito .35; Menotti .33; Bottesini .33; Wolf-Ferrari .27; Ponchielli .24; Pizzetti .24; G Charpentier .23; Koechlin .22; Dallapiccola .22; Schmitt .21; Chausson .21    (7)

Cimarosa, Domenico (1749-1801) Italian; mainly Naples-based
Style/Period:  Classical
Genre Profile:  120---1022---1100---120---03---220
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  comic operas---keyboard sonatas---concs.---masses
Notable Works:  . . . Il Matrimonio Segreto [opera] (1792) . . . Sinfonia Concertante for 2 Flutes & Orch. in G (1793) . . . Conc. for Oboe & Strings in C (1942 arr. by A. Benjamin) 
Musical Influences:  J Haydn?; +Mozart; -Pergolesi; Piccinni; --[J Polanco]; [A Sacchini]; D Scarlatti
Has Influenced:  -J Haydn; Mayr; Mozart?; Rossini; Sor
Most Similar Composers:  Salieri .49; Paisiello .47; Krommer .40; Piccinni .35; Mozart .32; Cherubini .30; Clementi .30; Soler .29; Dittersdorf .27; Bellini .26; Dussek .26; Mayr .24; J Haydn .23; Méhul .23; M Haydn .23    (11)

Clarke, Rebecca (1886-1979) British; U.S.-based from 1939
Style/Period:  Impressionist (Neoclassical)
Best Known For:  viola (chamber combs.)---songs
Notable Work:  . . . Sonata for Viola and Piano (1919)
Musical Influences:  Bloch; Brahms; Bridge; Debussy; Holst?; [J Joachim]; Ravel; Stanford; Vaughan Williams; English & Irish folk songs
Most Similar Composers:  Butterworth .45; Ireland .41; Griffes .33; Carpenter .32; Howells .32; Mompou .31; Bridge .29; Szymanowski .28; Chávez .26; Ponce .26; Canteloube .25; Rubbra .25; Koechlin .25; Roussel .24; Alwyn .23    (4)

Clemens non Papa [Clemens, Clement, etc.], Jacob [Jacobus, Jacques, etc.] (c1513 - 1555/6) Franco-Flemish
Style/Period:  Middle Franco-Flemish Renaissance
Best Known For:  masses---psalm settings---sacred motets---chansons
Musical Influences:  Gombert; Josquin
Has Influenced:  Byrd; +[G Kirbye]; Lasso; Susato
Most Similar Composers:  Gombert .75; Willaert .67; Morales .67; Isaac .55; Josquin .55; Lasso .55; Janequin .53; Binchois .53; La Rue .53; Rore .49; Taverner .47; Ockeghem .47; Machaut .43; Dufay .42; Tallis .40    (24)

Clementi, Muzio (1752-1832) Italian-British; mainly London-based from c1766
Style/Period:  Post-Classical (London piano school)
Genre Profile:  201---1000---0012---330---00---010
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  keyboard (piano) sonatas---syms.---music publishing
Notable Works:  . . . Keyboard Sonata in F minor Op.13 no.6 (1785) . . . Keyboard Sonata in F sharp minor Op.25 no.5 (1790) 
Musical Influences:  CPE Bach; JC Bach; -JS Bach; +Beethoven?; Handel; J Haydn; +Mozart; D Scarlatti
Has Influenced:  Beethoven; Chopin; Czerny; Dussek; Field; -J Haydn; Hummel; Meyerbeer?; [I Moscheles]; Mozart
Most Similar Composers:  Dussek .47; Reicha .44; Méhul .43; Field .41; Carulli .40; Mayr .36; Czerny .35; Loewe .35; Viotti .34; Boyce .34; Krommer .32; Soler .32; Mendelssohn-Hensel .31; Sor .31; Mendelssohn .30    (23)

Clérambault, Louis-Nicolas (1676-1749) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Late French Baroque
Best Known For:  motets & French cantatas---solo organ & harpsichord---chamber music
Notable Work:  . . . Livre d'Orgue [album of works for org] (p1704) 
Musical Influences:  M-A Charpentier?; Corelli; -L Couperin?; [A Raison]; Italian music
Most Similar Composers:  Lalande .60; F Couperin .58; L Couperin .49; Marais .45; Boismortier .45; Rameau .35; Krebs .33; Lully .31; Scheidt .28; Leclair .28; MA Charpentier .27; JS Bach .25; Frescobaldi .24; Stradella .23; Sammartini .22    (15)

Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel (1875-1912) British; London-based
Style/Period:  Late Romantic
Best Known For:  vocal- & choral-orchestral music---orchestral pcs---chamber music
Notable Work:  . . . The Song of Hiawatha [secular cantata for 3 solo vv, chorus & orch.] Op.30 (1898-1900) 
Musical Influences:  Brahms; DVORÁK; Elgar; Grieg; --Mendelssohn?; Parry?; --Schubert; Stanford; traditional African-American music (spirituals, etc.)
Has Influenced:  Still
Most Similar Composers:  Stanford .38; Parry .36; Alfvén .36; Novák .35; Foote .32; Delius .29; Fibich .28; Howells .27; Stenhammar .26; Bax .25; Rheinberger .25; Elgar .25; Vaughan Williams .25; Butterworth .23; Chadwick .23    (6)

31. Copland, Aaron (1900-90) American; mainly New York-based
Style/Period:  French Neoclassical with American Vernacularist elements, turning American Nationalist c1935-c1955
Genre Profile:  232---2022---2212---210---32---120
Quantity of Work Produced:  considerable
Best Known For:  ballets & film scores and derivative orchestral suites---orchestral pcs---syms.---songs---solo piano---concs.
Notable Works:  . . . Piano Variations [pf] (1930) . . . El Salon Mexico [orch.] (1933-6) . . . Billy the Kid [ballet & orch. suite] (1938) . . . Quiet City [English horn, trumpet & string orch. arr.; from incidental music to the I. Shaw play] (1939) . . . Piano Sonata (1939-41) . . . Fanfare for the Common Man [brass & perc] (1942) . . . Lincoln Portrait [spoken word & orch.] (1942) . . . Rodeo: Four Dance Episodes (from the ballet) [orch.] (1942) . . . Appalachian Spring [ballet] (1943-4; orch. suite 1945) . . . Sym. #3 (1944-6) . . . Clarinet Conc. (1947-8) . . . The Red Pony [film score & orch. suite] (1948) . . . 12 Poems of Emily Dickinson [solo v & pf] (1949-50) . . . Old American Songs (2 sets) [solo v & pf/orch.] (1950/1952) . . . The Tender Land [opera] (1952-4) . . . Duo [fl & pf] (1971) 
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Chávez?; Debussy; Fauré; Gershwin; Ives; Milhaud; -Mussorgsky; Ravel?; Schoenberg; Scriabin; Stravinsky; Thomson; Webern; NORTH AMERICANA; Latin American music; jazz
Has Influenced:  Adler; Anderson?; Barber; BERNSTEIN; Bowles; Britten; Carter; Corigliano; Druckman; Fine; Finney?; Foss; Ginastera; Gould?; Musgrave; Persichetti; Pinkham; Rorem; Schuman; Sculthorpe; Tower; Walker
Most Similar Composers:  Dutilleux .38; Gould .37; Auric .37; Griffes .36; Bowles .36; Gerhard .35; Bliss .34; Tailleferre .33; Bartók .33; Montsalvatge .33; Adams .32; Mompou .32; Tansman .31; Honegger .31; Roussel .31    (21)

94. Corelli, Arcangelo (1653-1713) Italian; Rome-based from c1675
Style/Period:  Late Italian Baroque
Genre Profile:  [not used]
Quantity of Work Produced:  small
Best Known For:  concerti grossi---trio sonatas---violin sonatas
Notable Works:  . . . 12 Trio Sonatas [2 vlns & continuo] Op.2 (p1685) . . . 12 Trio Sonatas [2 vlns & continuo] Op.3 (p1689) . . . Sonata for Violin & Continuo 'La Folia' Op.5 no.12 (p1700) . . . Concerto Grosso for 2 Violins, Viola & String Orch. in G minor 'Christmas' Op.6 no.8 (p1714) 
Musical Influences:  Lully; Stradella; [G Vitali]
Has Influenced:  Albinoni; JS Bach; ++Boccherini; Boismortier; Bononcini; Boyce; Caldara; Clérambault; F COUPERIN; Fux; [F Gasparini]; GEMINIANI; HANDEL; Lalande?; LECLAIR; Locatelli; -Lully?; +++Martinu; MUFFAT; -[B Pasquini]?; Pergolesi; Purcell; Sammartini; A Scarlatti; D Scarlatti; -Stradella; Tartini; TELEMANN; Torelli; Vivaldi; Weiss
Most Similar Composers:  Locatelli .44; Stradella .35; Geminiani .33; Vivaldi .31; Telemann .30; Albinoni .27; Caccini .27; Carissimi .27; Allegri .27; Handel .26; F Couperin .25; Leclair .23; A Scarlatti .23; Torelli .23; Cavalli .23    (10)

Corigliano, John (1938-) American; New York-based
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Best Known For:  syms.---stage works---concs.
Notable Works:  . . . The Ghosts of Versailles [opera] (1987) . . . Sym. #1 (1990) . . . The Red Violin [film score] (1997) 
Musical Influences:  Barber; Bernstein; Britten?; Copland; Creston; Luening; Menotti?; ---Mozart; Shostakovich?; Stravinsky
Most Similar Composers:  Bennett .34; Diamond .32; Argento .32; Kokkonen .31; Glass .31; Sallinen .29; Monk .29; Rochberg .28; Larsson .28; Barber .26; Thomson .26; Druckman .26; Bernstein .25; Persichetti .24; Tower .24    (9)

108. Couperin, François (1668-1733) French; Paris-based
Style/Period:  Late French Baroque (w/eclectic French & Italian elements)
Genre Profile:  000---0000---2221---030---00---210
Quantity of Work Produced:  extensive
Best Known For:  solo harpsichord---chamber music---sacred motets---solo organ
Notable Works:  . . . Pièces d'Orgues [2 masses for org] (p1690) . . . Leçons de Ténèbres [3 sacred services for solo v & continuo (#1 & #2) & 2 solo vv (#3)] (1713-7) . . . Pièces de Clavecin [4 books of hpschd miniatures] (p1713-30) . . . 4 Concerts Royaux [vln, fl, oboe, viol & bassoon (or for solo hpschd)] (p1722) . . . 10 Nouveaux Concerts [instrumentation unspecified] (p1724) . . . Les Nations [trio sonatas & suites for 2 vlns & continuo] (p1726) . . . Pièces de Violes [2 suites for viola da gamba & continuo] (p1728) 
Musical Influences:  Carissimi; M-A Charpentier; CORELLI; -L Couperin; +Lalande; Lully; Marais
Has Influenced:  JS Bach; +++Brahms; +++Chausson; +++Debussy; -Fux; Lalande?; Leclair; -Marais; -Muffat; +++Poulenc; Rameau; +++Ravel; +++R Strauss?; Telemann
Most Similar Composers:  Clérambault .58; Lalande .52; Marais .46; Rameau .41; MA Charpentier .40; Leclair .36; JS Bach .34; Boismortier .34; L Couperin .31; Lully .30; Pachelbel .28; Handel .27; Biber .26; Zelenka .25; Purcell .25    (16)

Couperin, Louis (c1626-61) French; mainly Paris-based
Style/Period:  Middle French Baroque
Best Known For:  solo harpsichord---solo organ
Notable Works:  . . . Pièces de Clavecins [5 books of solo hpschd pcs] (d?) 
Musical Influences:  [J CHAMBONNIÈRES]; Frescobaldi; FROBERGER
Has Influenced:  +Clérambault?; +F Couperin; -Froberger; Marais
Most Similar Composers:  Clérambault .49; F Couperin .31; Krebs .30; Pachelbel .30; Rameau .29; Blow .27; Lalande .27; Froberger .27; Böhm .27; Buxtehude .26; Locke .25; Marais .24; Boismortier .24; Frescobaldi .22; Lully .21    (13)

Cowell, Henry (1897-1965) American; mainly New York-based from 1928
Style/Period:  Experimentalist/Exoticist
Genre Profile:  212---2112---2222---211---00---110
Quantity of Work Produced:  immense
Best Known For:  solo piano (incl. special techniques: tone clusters, prepared piano, etc.)---syms.---choral music---orchestral pcs---chamber music
Notable Works:  . . . String Quartet #3 'Mosaic' (1935) . . . Sym. #11 'Seven Rituals of Music' (1953-4) 
Musical Influences:  --Billings; IVES; [D Rudhyar]; Ruggles?; [C Seeger]; East Asian music; folk music & fuguing tunes
Has Influenced:  [JL Adams], -Bartók; Cage; Carter; Crawford; Crumb; Gershwin?; Harrison; Nancarrow; Partch; Penderecki?; -Riegger
Most Similar Composers:  Hovhaness .47; Partch .33; Harrison .33; Riegger .32; Thomson .27; Persichetti .25; Riley .25; Ruggles .25; Messiaen .25; Still .24; Ives .24; Schuman .24; Cage .23; Crawford .22; Finney .22    (7)

Crawford (Seeger), Ruth (1901-53) American; Washington D.C.-based from 1936
Style/Period:  Experimentalist
Best Known For:  post-tonal harmonies---piano (solo, chamber combs.)---folk song arrangements
Notable Work:  . . . String Quartet (1931)
Musical Influences:  Bartók; Berg?; Cowell; [D Rudhyar]; Schoenberg; Scriabin; [C Seeger]
Has Influenced:  Carter; Feldman?; [V Fine]; Oliveros?
Most Similar Composers:  Gerhard .39; Crumb .35; Musgrave .34; Carter .32; Kurtág .32; Perle .31; Zwilich .31; Shostakovich .30; Schulhoff .30; Ginastera .29; Wolpe .28; Monk .26; Babbitt .26; Nancarrow .25; Ireland .25    (9)

Creston, Paul (1906-85) American
Style/Period:  Neoromantic
Best Known For:  orchestral pcs---concs.---works for unusual instruments---explorations in rhythm
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; --Chopin; Debussy; Hindemith?; Ravel; ---D Scarlatti; Stravinsky; Vaughan Williams?; Gregorian chant; popular song & dance
Has Influenced:  Corigliano
Most Similar Composers:  Koechlin .38; Walker .37; Jongen .33; Kraft .32; Carpenter .32; Duruflé .32; Howells .32; Tailleferre .31; Rubbra .31; Dello Joio .31; Piazzolla .30; Lutoslawski .30; Hanson .30; Schickele .30; Alwyn .30    (13)

Crumb, George (1929-2022) American; Philadelphia-based 1965-97
Style/Period:  Mystical
Genre Profile:  002---0000---1222---212---00---12x
Quantity of Work Produced:  modest
Best Known For:  vocal-orchestral music (settings of verse by Lorca)---orchestral pcs---music for electric piano & other amplified instrs.---unusual timbres
Notable Works:  . . . Cello Sonata [unacc. vc] (1955) . . . Ancient Voices of Children [song cycle for 2 solo vv & 7 instrs.] (1970) . . . Black Angels [electric str qtt] (1970) . . . Makrokosmos I & II [2 vols. of works for amplified pf] (1972-3) . . . Makrokosmos III 'Music for a Summer Evening' [2 amplified pf & 2 percussionists] (1974) 
Musical Influences:  ---JS Bach; BARTÓK; Berg; Berio?; Cage; --Chopin; Cowell; -DEBUSSY; Finney; Hindemith; Ives; -Mahler; Messiaen; Schoenberg; ---Schubert; Varèse; Webern
Has Influenced:  Tan?; Tower
Most Similar Composers:  Boulez .51; Stockhausen .42; Carter .35; Crawford .35; Babbitt .35; Cage .32; Wolpe .32; Ginastera .31; Rochberg .31; Berio .31; Henze .31; Xenakis .30; Sculthorpe .29; Ligeti .29; Rihm .29    (19)

Cui, Cesar (1835-1918) Russian; mainly St. Petersburg-based from 1851
Style/Period:  Middle Russian Romantic
Best Known For:  solo piano---songs---operas---orchestral pcs
Notable Work:  . . . Kaleydoskop #9 'Orientale' [vln & pf] Op.50 no.9 (1893) 
Musical Influences:  Auber; +Balakirev; Berlioz; Chopin; Dargomïzhsky; Glinka; Liszt; Meyerbeer; R Schumann; 19th Century opera
Most Similar Composers:  Mussorgsky .58; Rubinstein .54; Borodin .52; Dargomïzhsky .51; Rimsky-Korsakov .51; Balakirev .50; Lyadov .45; Granados .42; Glazunov .42; Tchaikovsky .41; Chaminade .40; Beach .37; Massenet .36; Raff .36; Medtner .35    (22)

Czerny, C[K]arl (1791-1857) Austrian; Vienna-based
Style/Period:  Post-Classical (Viennese Classical)
Best Known For:  piano (solo, multiple players), incl. arrs. of other composers' works and exercises & studies
Musical Influences:  --JS Bach; BEETHOVEN; Clementi; Hummel; Mozart; Paganini?; --D Scarlatti; +Schubert
Has Influenced:  Liszt
Most Similar Composers:  Alkan .41; Dussek .41; Chopin .38; Giuliani .35; Kuhlau .35; Clementi .35; Field .35; Liszt .31; Hummel .28; Brahms .28; Krommer .27; Mendelssohn-Hensel .26; R Schumann .26; Busoni .26; C Schumann .26    (8)

Dallapiccola, Luigi (1904-75) Italian; mainly Florence-based from 1922
Style/Period:  Neoclassical to c1940; Post-Webernian Serial thereafter
Best Known For:  operas---vocal- & choral-orchestral music
Notable Work:  Ulisse [opera] (1960-8)
Musical Influences:  Berg; Busoni; Casella; Debussy; ---Gesualdo; Malipiero; ---Monteverdi; ---Mozart?; Puccini; Ravel; Schoenberg; -Wagner; Webern
Has Influenced:  Argento; BERIO; Finney?; Ginastera?; Leighton; Maderna; Nono; Rochberg; -Sessions
Most Similar Composers:  Perle .40; Malipiero .37; Pizzetti .33; Petrassi .33; Henze .32; Wolf-Ferrari .30; Walker .30; Zemlinsky .30; Gerhard .29; Stravinsky .29; Casella .28; Montsalvatge .28; Scelsi .28; Riegger .28; Krenek .27    (11)